It is most important to assure 4 π−geometry in liquid scintillation counting for accurate results1. Usually this can be assured by dissolution of the sample in an appropriate cocktail. The cocktail does not only contain a solvent but also at least one scintillator and surfactants for aqueous samples because aqueous samples are completely insoluble in the pure organic solvents and scintillators....

Pulse shape analyzers have been introduced in commercial liquid scintillation counters, such as the WaIlac 1220 QuantulusTM and 1219 SM, enabling separation of alpha particle spectra from other types of radiation in a single measurement and making ultra sensitive alpha counting possible. Background count rates as low as one count per day for 214Po in a teflon vial are achievable while still ret...

9 The cross section for photoneutron production in Be at energies of 1. 692, 1. 720, and 1. 78 Mev has been investigated using radioisotope gamma-ray sources. Neutron counting was by manganous sulfate bath and a long counter. Gamma-ray counting was by a scintillation spectrometer consisting of a Nal(Tl) scintillation crystal and a 256-channel pulse^height analyzer. The following results were ob...

Scintillation light from gamma ray irradiation in liquid xenon is detected by two Hamamatsu R9288 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) immersed in the liquid. UV light reflector material, PTFE, is used to optimize the light collection efficiency. The detector gives a high light yield of 6 photoelectron per keV (pe/keV), which allows efficient detection of the 122 keV γ-ray line from 57 Co, with a measu...

Scintillation light from gamma ray irradiations in liquid xenon is detected by two Hamamatsu R9288 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) immersed in the liquid. UV light reflector material, PTFE, is used to optimize the light collection efficiency. The detector gives a high light yield of 6 photoelectron per keV (pe/keV), which allows efficient detection of the 122 keV γ-ray line from 57 Co, with a good...