Qualitative composition of volatile emissions of litter of five species of deciduous trees was investigated by GC-MS. The list of identified substances contains more than 70 organic compounds of various classes. It was established that the composition of components emitted by the litter into the gas phase greatly differs from that of essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from turned lea...

Lentic freshwater systems including those inhabited by aquatic stages of mosquitoes derive most of their carbon inputs from terrestrial organic matter mainly leaf litter. The leaf litter is colonized by microbial communities that provide the resource base for mosquito larvae. While the microbial biomass associated with different leaf species in container aquatic habitats is well documented, the...

The effects of litter and humus layers on the occurrence of ectomycorrhizal sporocarps in 64 plots in six stands of Pinus sylcestris were studied. In 1990, litter and humus layers and herbaceous vegetation were removed ('sod-cutting') in plots in stands of Pinus sylvestris of different age. Removed litter and humus were added on to existing ectorganic layers ( 'sod-addition') in plots in young ...

Human activities have led to increased deposition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) into soils. Nutrient enrichment soils is known increase plant biomass rates microbial litter decomposition. However, interacting effects hydrologic position associated changes soil moisture can constrain activity lead unexpected nutrient feedbacks on community structure–function relationships. Examining decompo...

*Correspondence: Lucy C. Woodall, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK e-mail: [email protected] Marine litter is a global challenge that has recently received policymakers’ attention, with new environmental targets in addition to changes to old legislation. There are no global estimates of benthic litter because of the scarcity of data an...

This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of aerobic and anaerobic composting of inoculated banana peels, and assess the agronomic value of banana peel-based compost. Changes in the chemical composition under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were examined for four formulations of banana peel-based wastes over a period of 12 weeks. The formulations i.e. plain banana peel (B), and a mixture with...

Leaves are the largest component of forest litter. Their decomposition rate depends mainly on plant species, leaf chemical composition, microorganism biodiversity, and habitat conditions. It is known that herbivory by insects can modify composition leaves, such as through induction. The aim this study was to determine whether related susceptibility species insect feeding how damage affects rate...

In its decision (2010/477/EU) relating to the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC), the European Commission identified the following points as focuses for monitoring: (i) 10.1.1: Trends in the amount, source and composition of litter washed ashore and/or deposited on coastlines, (ii) 10.1.2: Trends in the amount and composition of litter in the water column and accumu...