Electrical energy concurrent which cannot be stored so must be utilized as soon as it is generated. Therefore it requires an effective balance of power flow within multi area power system. This paper studies about a two area system [Hydro power plant & PMSG based Wind energy conversion system] which is connected through a tie line. Due to the rapid fluctuation in the wind power it causes distur...

Objective: The objective of this paper is to develop a hierarchical two-level power system load frequency control. Design: At the button level, standard PI controllers are utilized to control area’s frequency and tie-line power interchanges. At the higher layer, model predictive control (MPC) is employed as a supervisory controller to determine the optimal set-point for the PI controllers in th...

Nowadays Electrical power generation using renewable energy systems brings more novel ideas to satisfy the demand worldwide. Microgrid is one of that ensures stability and reliability system. Due seasonal or climatic effect, generated by sources has issue in providing a constant output hence produces imbalance between source load. Furthermore, system frequency cannot be kept all cases. In this ...

the present study utilizes an analytical method to formulate the three lowest modal frequencies of axially-loaded notched beam through both crack location and load level in a specific format that can be used in existing frequency-based crack-identification methods. the proposed formula provides a basis to shift into two states, one with axial loading and the other without any loading whatsoever...