In this paper, a special case of the vehicle routing problem in which the demands consist in a set of rectangular two-dimensional weighted items is considered. The vehicles have a two-dimensional loading surface and a maximum weight capacity. These problems have a routing and a packing component. A framework to handle the loading of a vehicle is proposed. A Constraint Programming loading model ...

BACKGROUND Mechanical loading of bones activates modeling and suppresses remodeling by promoting bone formation. Eldecalcitol is approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan and is often used in patients undergoing exercise therapy. However, the effects of eldecalcitol on bone formation during mechanical loading are unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of eldecalci...

The performance of MSU-S and its forms modified with phosphotungstic acid (HPW) and nickel (Ni) for the desulfurization and denitrogenation of model diesel fuel were studied. According to the results of the characteristic tests (N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM, and NH3-TPD), heteropoly acid incorporation causes higher acidity along with a negligible loss of structural a...

background: the salvage proximal femoral osteotomy is performed in mild or moderate osteoarthritis when the articulating surfaces are normal and relieves the subject’s pain. because the importance of angular mal-alignment of the femur bone at the hip junction accurate pre-op planning based on patient specific anatomy is required to prevent any lower limb misalignment and joint problem pre-opera...

The occurrence of edge loading in hip joint replacement has been associated with many factors such as prosthetic design, component malposition and activities of daily living. The present study aimed to quantify the occurrence of edge loading/contact at the articulating surface and to evaluate the effect of cup angles and edge loading on the contact mechanics of a modular metal-on-polyethylene (...

Strong seasonal variations of horizontal and vertical positions are observed on GPS times series from stations located in Nepal, India and Tibet (China). We demonstrate that this geodetic deformation is induced by seasonal variations of continental water storage driven by the Monsoon. For this purpose, we use satellite data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to determine t...

In this study we present a new three-dimensional (3D) model to study effects of mechanical loading on tendon/ligament formation in vitro. The model mimics a functional periodontal ligament (PDL), which anchors dental roots to the jaw bone and transfers the axial load of mastication to the jaw bone. A collagen gel containing human PDL fibroblasts was seeded in a PDL space between an artificial r...

A methodology is developed to analyze an image sequence acquired by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and convert the image information into accurate 3D surface shape and surface deformation measurements. The methodology provides not only the SEM camera model parameters but also simultaneous corrections for a wide range of distortion sources. The method is applied to analyze images obtained ...

In this thesis we build the parametric mathematical model of machine tool and solid models of traction gears using in subway locomotive by analyzing the machining process of involute gears and meshing principle of involute gears. The optimization design is done through deduce the relations between basic parameters of gear and loading capacity of transmission. On the base of analyzing optimizati...

experiments were carried out to observe the influence of loading type on concrete beam specimens. beam specimens made of similar concrete mixture with the same geometry were tested under three point static loading and low velocity drop weight impact loading. load – displacement behavior, absorbed energy dissipation capacity, stiffnesses, failure modes of beam specimens were obtained and discuss...