Music researchers have noted that structurally important tones in a melody are related to one another by perfect intervals (fifths and octaves) and occur frequently and in melody-final position. Here we ask whether the latter two cues—frequency and final position—have melodic significance for tone collections lacking perfect intervals. Three sets of melodies were generated from a whole-tone sca...

Managers always consider the precise estimation of sediments in watersheds due to various conditions, such assoil and water resources management, construction, infrastructure and economical and social issues. In this condition,an optimized determination of sediment rating equation (typical method until now for sediment yield estimation) isessential to investigate sediment yield in rivers. In th...

Sediment rating curve (SRC) is a conventional and a common regression model in estimating suspended sediment load (SSL) of flow discharge. However, in most cases the data log-transformation in SRC models causing a bias which underestimates SSL prediction. In this study, using the daily stream flow and suspended sediment load data from Shalman hydrometric station on Shalmanroud River, Guilan Pro...