In this research thin film heterogeneous cation exchange membrane was prepared by interfacial polymerization of polyacrylic acid-co-iron nickel oxide nanoparticle son PVC based substrate. Spectra analysis confirmed graft polymerization conclusively. The SEM images showed that polymerized layer covers the membranes by simple gel network entanglement. Results exhibited that membrane water content...

The impact of heterogeneity induced mixing between the injected low salinity water and the high salinity connate water is investigated in secondary low salinity waterflooding (LSW). Although LSW has proved to be a promising EOR process in laboratory experiments and field trials, its efficiency can be altered due to mixing with in situ higher salinity connate water. This mixing is caused by mole...

Thin films prepared via a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of renewable materials exhibit exceptional oxygen barrier and flame-retardant properties. Positively charged chitosan (CH), at two different pH levels (pH 3 and pH 6), was paired with anionic montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanoplatelets. Thin-film assemblies prepared with CH at high pH are thicker, because if the low polymer charge density. A ...

Critical issues in the development of oil fields include differences layer properties as well serious interlayer conflicts and disturbances that can lead to formation a preferential flow pathway. In order understand disturbance mechanism between heterogeneous layers, mathematical models polymer, two-phase micro-flow porous media are established based on Navier-Stokes equation. The phase-field m...

Hydrogen bonded poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) layer-by-layer assemblies are highly elastomeric, but more permeable than ionically bonded thin films. In order to expand the use of hydrogen-bonded assemblies to applications that require a better gas barrier, the effect of assembling pH on the oxygen permeability of PAA/PEO multilayer thin films was investigated. Altering the...

a thin-layer chromatography method has been developed and evaluated for the separation and determination of lysine and methonine in a mixture of amino acids obtained from acid or enzyme hydrolysis of protein. the solvent systems were (a) ethanol-ether, (b) phenol-water, (c) ethyl methyl ketone-pyridine-distilled water-glacial acetic acid. procedures in all the three stages were in the same dime...

Hydrophobins are a class of small proteins that fulfill a wide spectrum of functions in fungal growth and development. They do so by self-assembling into an amphipathic membrane at hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces. The SC3 hydrophobin of Schizophyllum commune is the best-studied hydrophobin. It assembles at the air-water interface into a membrane consisting of functional amyloid fibrils that ...

Large-scale, lateral fluid flow through oceanic crust provides an explanation for regionally low heat flow in several seafloor settings. A well-mixed aquifer (WMA) model provides a quantitative and conceptual tool for explaining anomalously low heat flow based on an analytical representation of fluid and heat flow, assuming lateral fluid flow in basement in a layer directly below the ocean sedi...

Preparation of dense alumina (Al₂O₃) thin film through atomic layer deposition (ALD) provides a pathway to achieve the encapsulation of organic light emitting devices (OLED). Unlike traditional ALD which is usually executed at higher reaction n temperatures that may affect the performance of OLED, this application discusses the development on preparation of ALD thin film at a low temperature. O...

most geologic changes have a seismic response but sometimes this is expressed only in certain spectral ranges hidden within the broadband data. spectral decomposition is one of the methods which can be utilized to help interpreting such cases. there are several time-frequency methods including: short-time fourier transform (stft), continuous wavelet transform (cwt), wigner-ville distribution (w...