In this computational research, the separate and simultaneous impacts of diesel direct injection timing, fuel spraying cone angle, and hydrogen gas addition on combustion characteristics, output emissions, and performance in a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine was studied. In order to conduct the simulations, valid and reliable models for combustion, break-up, and for turbulence wa...

Direct electron heating of compact ignition devices by radio-frequency power OSTI Abstract. in the 300-400 MHz,range is discussed. The possible advantage of this approach to heating an ignition device, as opposed to resonant heating of an ion population, is the insensitivity to the exact value of the magnitude field. Heating with central power deposition during a toroidal field ramp is therefor...

In this paper, multi-layer feed forward neural networks are used to predict the lower heating value of gas (LHV), lower heating value of gasification products including tars and entrained char (LHVp) and syngas yield during gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) during gasification in a fluidized bed reactor. These artificial neural networks (ANNs) with different architectures are trained ...

In this paper, a new power, heating and hydrogen cogeneration cycle from Sabalan geothermal two wells is proposed and analyzed. In the proposed system, a new double flash cycle and organic Rankine cycle are used for power production. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) is also used for hydrogen production and the domestic water heater is used for heating. The impacts of some design parameters, suc...

The present work conducts a preliminary techno-economic feasibility study for a single municipal solid waste mass burning to an electricity plant for the total municipal solid waste potential of the Region of Eastern Macedonia - Thrace, in Greece. For a certain applied and highly efficient technology and an installed capacity of 400,000 t of municipal solid waste per year, the available electri...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the carbonization yield of babassu nutshell as affected by final temperature, as well as the energy losses involved in the process. Three layers constituting the babassu nut, that is, the epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp, were used together. The material was carbonized, considering the following final temperatures: 450, 550, 650, 750, and 850°C. Th...

Chemical degradation of edible oils has been studied using conventional spectroscopic methods spanning the spectrum from ultraviolet to mid-IR. However, the possibility of morphological changes of oil molecules that can be detected at terahertz frequencies is beginning to receive some attention. Furthermore, the rapidly decreasing cost of this technology and its capability for convenient, in si...

Introduction: Paterae on Io are similar to calderas on the Earth and other planets, yet they have some differences, such as their great sizes (from 2 to 206 km diameter) and lack of high edifices. Tidal heating from Jupiter leads to the production of molten material and the eruption of large amounts of mafic to ultramafic lava within Io’s paterae, as well as across its surface. Formation of pat...

energy consumption is very high in greenhouses mainly due to off-season production. the main source of its energy supply is fossil fuels. due to the disadvantages of fossil fuels consumption and preventive laws in the incoming years, study on reducing consumption and replacing a part of them with renewable energy is essential. in this research, a solar heating system, equipped with a concentrat...

PURPOSE We performed two experiments to determine whether cutaneous microvascular adaptations in response to repeated core temperature (Tc) elevation are mediated by increases in skin blood flow (SkBF) and/or skin temperature. METHODS Healthy subjects participated for 8 wk in thrice-weekly bouts of 30-min lower limb heating (40°C). In study 1, both forearms were "clamped" at basal skin temper...