conclusions there is no difference between median and paramedian approaches with respect to pdph incidence; the paramedian approach is therefore recommended, especially for older patients with degenerative changes in the spine and intervertebral spaces and those who cannot take the proper position. moreover, the rate of pdph was found to be significantly higher in females than in males. results...

b a c k ground: csf is a clear liquid that its mechanical properties are to a large extent similar to water properties. regarding the lack of a numerical index for diagnosis of diseases resulting from increased csf pressure such as hydrocephalus, evaluation of hydrodynamic conditions of csf in cerebral ventricular system is of great importance. methods: at first, the diagram of velocity in sylv...

A recent inquiry of whether a lumbar puncture can cause meningeal enhancement led us to the paper, “Frequency of Unexplained Meningeal Enhancement in the Brain After Lumbar Puncture,” by Mittl and Yousem (1). The conclusion that intracranial dural-arachnoidal enhancement after lumbar puncture is uncommon is not supported by the data that are presented. In their prospective study, they claim the...

BACKGROUND Inserting an intrathecal catheter after accidental dural puncture in parturients to prevent postdural puncture headache is becoming increasingly popular. We aimed to identify relevant published articles investigating this intervention and subject data to a meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed, paralleled by a hand search of abstract publications. Stud...

To investigate the gradual failure of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane as a result of long-term corrosion, four dynamic corrosion tests were conducted at different temperatures and durations. By combining tension and puncture tests, we systematically studied the variation law of tension and puncture properties of the HDPE geomembrane under different corrosion conditions. Results sho...

PURPOSE Precise needle puncture of the renal collecting system is an essential but challenging step for successful percutaneous nephrolithotomy. We evaluated the efficiency of a new real-time electromagnetic tracking system for in vivo kidney puncture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six anesthetized female pigs underwent ureterorenoscopy to place a catheter with an electromagnetic tracking sensor into...