Proteins have become accessible targets for chemical synthesis. The basic strategy is to use native chemical ligation, Staudinger ligation, or other orthogonal chemical reactions to couple synthetic peptides. The ligation reactions are compatible with a variety of solvents and proceed in solution or on a solid support. Chemical synthesis enables a level of control on protein composition that gr...

We are presenting an interactive course on speech synthesis which is designed to support the education in speech communication. In the basic section, the fundamental principles of speech synthesis are explained. From this section, the user may select different branches which are explaining special topics in more detail. Two special sections are worked out until now: The first one is devoted to ...

The transformation of constructive program synthesis proofs is discussed and compared w i t h the more t radi t ional approaches to program transformation. An example system for adapting programs to special situations by transforming constructive synthesis proofs has been reconstructed and is compared w i th the original implementat ion [Goad, 1980b, Goad, 1980a]. A brief account of more genera...

The detection of deception in human speech is a difficult task but can be performed above chance level by human listeners even when only audio data is provided. Still, it is highly contested, which speech features could be used to help identify lies. In this study, we examined a set of phonetic and paralinguistic cues and their influence on the credibility of speech using an analysis-by-synthes...

Concatenative synthesis can produce high-quality speech but is limited to the allophonic variations and voice types that were captured in the database. It would be desirable to modify speech units to remove formant discontinuities and to create new speaking styles, such as hypoor hyper-articulated speech. Unfortunately, manipulating the spectral structure often leads to degraded speech quality....

This study is aimed at developing view synthesis system for closed sections such as Tunnel, Bridge etc. to monitor and track the vehicle movement. For this purpose, video storage and synthesis systems were developed and demonstrated, making use of the video taken and stored in 4 web cameras. Consequently original technology has been secured but for commercialization, application to the sites wi...

Accurate estimation of segmental durations is crucial for naturalsounding text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. This paper presents a model of segmental duration used in the Bell Labs Japanese TTS system. We describe the constraints on vowel devoicing, and effects of factors such as phone identity, surrounding phone identities, accentuation, syllabic structure, and phrasal position on the duration of...

In this paper we present an overview of the German version of the Bell Labs text-to-speech system, a high-quality concatenative synthesis system with extensive text analysis capabilities. We discuss problems of text analysis, and our solutions to these problems, including: the integration of text normalization tasks into linguistic text analysis; the capability to morphologically analyze compou...

An important problem in concatenative synthesis is the occurence of spectral discontinuities or “concatenation mismatch” between sonorant speech units. In this paper, we present an approach to reduce concatenation mismatch by combining spectral information from two sequences of speech units selected in parallel. Concatenation units, on one hand, define initial spectral trajectories for a target...

Solidphase organic synthesis is a rapidly expanding area of synthetic chemistry which is being widely exploited in the search for new medicinally important compounds by combinatorial techniques. In recent decades, a large number of reports related to solidphase synthesis of heterocycles have appeared owing to a wide variety of their biological activity. In this review, we report the important r...