BACKGROUND Biomechanical models have been developed to predict spinal loads in vivo to assess potential risk of injury in workplaces. Most models represent trunk muscles with straight-lines. Even though straight-line muscles behave reasonably well in simple exertions, they could be less reliable during complex dynamic exertions. A curved muscle representation was developed to overcome this issu...

In vitro spine flexibility testing has been performed using a variety of laboratory-specific loading apparatuses and conditions, making test results across laboratories difficult to compare. The application of pure moments has been well established for spine flexibility testing, but to our knowledge there have been no attempts to quantify differences in range of motion (ROM) resulting from labo...

STUDY DESIGN Biomechanical human cadaveric study comparing straight and scoliotic spines with healthy and degenerated L4/5 discs. OBJECTIVE To describe the biomechanical environment of discs under various spinal alignments by measuring the coronal intradiscal pressure profiles. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Abnormal loading of the lumbar discs in the concavity of scoliotic curves may accelerat...

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A detailed biomechanical model of the low-back musculature that predicts muscle-force distribution in response to external loading is presented. The paper shows that the class of loading tasks that involve an erect posture and an arbitrary load placed on the upper limbs can be described as a loading plane whose axes are the flexion and lateral bending moments. Under these conditions, the indivi...

although there have been various studies on the agents reducing pain in infants, but inadequate researches are available in which the effect of low dose of fentanyl in pain reducing in infants has been investigated. to find out the low dose effect of fentanyl on the pain reducing resulted from lumbar puncture in infants. this randomized double blind clinical trial was done on the 82 infants in ...

introduction lumbar puncture (lp) is a commonly needed procedure in pediatric medicine. in teaching hospitals, it is usually taught to junior residents by senior residents. objectives the goal of this study was to determine the dexterity of pediatrics residents in performing this procedure. patients and methods all pediatric residents of shiraz university of medical sciences were enrolled in th...

case presentation an 85 years old patient presented because of intractable right leg pain with minimal activities. she was diagnosed with significant right foraminal stenosis and she failed conservative non-invasive therapies. conclusions percutaneous lumbar hydro decompression can be a promising method for the treatment of the patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and neurogenic claudication se...

introduction:   sometimes physicians need to assess some markers on selected children's cerebrospinal fluid specimen according to lumbar puncture (lp). although immediate diagnosis and treatment especially for meningitis is necessary, but just at this moment, due to some incorrect believe in society, some parents may not allow physician to do lp. the reality is that most of these people, i...