Abstract Ionizing radiation is ubiquitous in the environment. Its source can be natural, such as radioactive materials present soil and cosmic rays, or artificial, fuel for nuclear power plants. Overexposure to ionizing may damage living tissue could cause severe health problems (i.e., mutations, sickness, cancer, death). Cytogenetic bio-dosimetry has great advantage take into account inter-ind...

Introduction: Accuboost is a HDR brachytherapy system in early stages breast cancer treatment. This device provides a completely noninvasive procedure with parallel-opposed radiation from two immobilizing peripheral applicators that caused it a preferred option of modalities to choose. In most commercial treatment planning systems, tissues are considered as a simple water phan...

A diffusion limited physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for rats and mice was developed to characterize the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of naphthalene after inhalation exposure. This model includes compartments for arterial and venous blood, lung, liver, kidney, fat, and other organs. Primary sites for naphthalene metabolism to naphthalene oxide are the lung an...

The objective of this study is to investigate the sources of variability and uncertainty in a previously developed human lung dosimetry model. That three-compartment model describes the retention and clearance kinetics of respirable particles in the gas-exchange region of the lungs. It was calibrated using exposure histories and lung dust burden data in U.S. coal miners. A multivariate paramete...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of the Dosimetry Check system for patient-specific IMRT QA. Typical QA methods measure the dose in an array dosimeter surrounded by homogenous medium for which the treatment plan has been recomputed. With the Dosimetry Check system, fluence measurements acquired on a portal dosimeter is applied to the patient's CT scans. Instead of making dose co...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term in vivo effect of laser dosimetry on rabbit septal cartilage integrity, viability, and mechanical behavior. METHODS Nasal septal cartilage specimens (control and irradiated pairs) were harvested from 18 rabbits. Specimens were mechanically deformed and irradiated with an Nd:YAG laser across a broad dosimetry range (4-8 W and 6-16 seconds). Treated specim...

Introduction:The maximum tolerable activity (MTA) of I-131 in radioiodine therapy is an established surrogate quantity to ensure that the therapeutic activity does not produce severe damages to the bone marrow and lung. The aim of this study was to estimate the MTAs for high-risk patients using I-124 pre-therapy dosimetry and to compare the results with published literature. <...

The first results from a clinical study for Temoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) of low-grade (T1c) primary prostate cancer using online dosimetry are presented. Dosimetric feedback in real time was applied, for the first time to our knowledge, in interstitial photodynamic therapy. The dosimetry software IDOSE provided dose plans, including optical fiber positions and light doses base...