Five macaques received two vaccinations consisting of soluble human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I proteins from a cell/serum-free human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-producing cell line. Five other macaques were vaccine controls. All were challenged with a simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-producing cell line. The vaccinated macaques generated a strong serological response to challe...

HTLV-1 Tax expression exerts an inhibitory effect on the Foxp3 transcription factor in CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory cells (Treg). For a better understanding of the role of Tax mRNA in the gene expression of cellular markers we measured Tax, Foxp3, CTLA4, GITR, TGF-β, and IL-10 mRNA in Treg cells of 50 patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic para...

Human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus Type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2), together with their simian counterparts (STLV-1, STLV-2), belong to the Primate T lymphotropic viruses group (PTLV). The high percentage of homologies between HTLV-1 and STLV-1 strains, led to the demonstration that most HTLV-1 subtypes arose from interspecies transmission between monkeys and humans. STLV-3 viruses belong to...

Neutral buffered Formalin, a fixative used in most pathology laboratories, was found to inactivate human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. Preparations containing this virus with infectivity titers of greater than 10(5) were treated with 1% or greater neutral buffered Formalin; after treatment, virus was undetectable (titer, less than 10(1)). In addition, when infe...

The objectives of this study were to compare the seroprevalence and seroincidence rates of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in pregnant women in several ethnic groups in French Guiana between July 1, 1991 and June 30, 2001. This study was conducted in the obstetrics unit of the hospital in Saint Laurent du Maroni in a dynamic cohort of 6...

Background: The northeast of Iran is one the endemic regions human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). This study aimed to evaluate relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HTLV-1 infection in Iran, an area for HTLV-1. Methods: In this case-control study, paraffin-embedded tissue samples patients with definitive were evaluated presence genome by polymerase chain reaction retrosp...

There are currently four known primate T-cell lymphotropic virus groups (PTLV1-4), each of which comprises closely related simian (STLV) and human (HTLV) viruses. For PTLV-1 and PTLV-3, simian and human viruses are interspersed, suggesting multiple cross-species transmission events; however, for PTLV-2 this is not so clear because HTLV-2 and STLV-2 strains from captive bonobos (Pan paniscus) fo...