We examined the efficiency of the flux-gate magnetometers, MB-160 and MB-162, Shimadzu, which we use for variation observation at the Kakioka Magnetic Observatory. We also examined our method and the equipment for the calibration of the installed calibration apparatus in the flux-gate magnetometer. On the basis of examinations, we obtained the following conclusions: 1. Using our equipment for t...

Magnetometers and inertial sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes) are widely used to estimate 3D orientation. For the orientation estimates to be accurate, the sensor axes need to be aligned and the magnetometer needs to be calibrated for sensor errors and for the presence of magnetic disturbances. In this work we use a grey-box system identification approach to compute maximum likelihood esti...

Contemporary land-survey micro-satellites have general mass up to 100 kg and are placed on the orbit altitudes from 600 up to 800 km. For such spacecraft some principle problems on attitude determination, in-flight calibration and alignment are considered and elaborated methods are presented for their solving. We present discrete algorithms for calibration and alignment of the low cost strap-do...

Recent evidence suggests that bats can detect the geomagnetic field, but the way in which this is used by them for navigation to a home roost remains unresolved. The geomagnetic field may be used by animals both to indicate direction and to locate position. In birds, directional information appears to be derived from an interaction of the magnetic field with either the sun or the stars, with so...