A unique topographical representation of space is found in the concerted activity of grid cells in the rodent medial entorhinal cortex. Many among the principal cells in this region exhibit a hexagonal firing pattern, in which each cell expresses its own set of place fields (spatial phases) at the vertices of a triangular grid, the spacing and orientation of which are typically shared with neig...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifests with memory loss and spatial disorientation. AD pathology starts in the entorhinal cortex, making it likely that local neural correlates of spatial navigation, particularly grid cells, are impaired. Grid-cell-like representations in humans can be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that young adults at genetic risk for AD (APOE-ε4 ca...

For any wire-grid model, a fundamental question is the choice of the optimum wire radius and grid spacing. The most widely used criterion to fix the wire size is the so-called same-area rule [2], coming from empirical observation: the total surface area of the wires has to be equal to the surface area of the object being modelled. However, just few authors have investigated the validity of this...

The size of the LCL filter can be decreased significantly using higher switching frequencies enabled by next generation semiconductors. This paper studies the effects of the switching frequency of a grid converter on the LCL filter design. The goal in the design is to minimize the stored energy of the magnetic components. The core material of the converter-side inductor is selected based on the...

Solar storms are the largest explosive release of energy in the solar system and are responsible for large variations of the Earth’s magnetic field, which are known as geomagnetic storms. Magnetic storms can induce significant electric currents at the Earth’s surface disrupting the electric power distribution system, causing situations such as the collapse of the power grid in northern Canada i...

In an electronic triode, the electron current emanating from the cathode is regulated by the electric potential on a grid between the cathode and the anode. Here we demonstrate a triode for single quantum magnetic field carriers, where the flow of individual magnetic vortices in a superconducting film is regulated by the magnetic potential of striae of soft magnetic strips deposited on the film...

iron mineralization of kalate shahin is located 107 km on the ghoochan-neyshaboor road (in khorasan razavi province). subvolcanic intrusive bodies of quartz monzonite to monzonite porphyry intruded the cretacous limestone. sedimentary units of the area in decreasing age include cretaceous limestone and eocene and paleocene-quaternary microconglomerate to sandstone. mineralization in the region ...

We present measurements of a magnetic reconnection in a plasma created by two laser beams (1 ns pulse duration, 1 x 10(15) W cm(-2)) focused in close proximity on a planar solid target. Simultaneous optical probing and proton grid deflectometry reveal two high velocity, collimated outflowing jets and 0.7-1.3 MG magnetic fields at the focal spot edges. Thomson scattering measurements from the re...

Using a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) synthesis method, novel two-dimensional (2D) mixed-spin magnetic systems, in which each magnetic layer is both structurally and magnetically isolated, have been generated. Specifically, a 2D Fe-Ni cyanide-bridged network with a face-centered square grid structure has been magnetically and structurally characterized. The results indicate the presence of ferromagnet...

The atmospheric structure of chemically peculiar stars deviates from that of normal stars with similar fundamental parameters due to unusual chemistry, abundance inhomogeneities and the presence of strong magnetic field. These effects are not considered in the standard model atmospheres, possibly leading to large errors in the stellar parameter determination and abundance analysis. To tackle th...