High-resolution magnetic resonance venography (HR-MRV) of intracranial subependymal veins using a two-dimensional Fourier-transform time-of-flight technique was performed on normal volunteers and clinical cases of cerebral disease. For the pulse sequence, fast-field-echo sequence was used with the following parameters: TR/TE/flip angle = 34 ms/12 ms/50 deg., 256 x 256 matrix, 1 mm effective sli...

BACKGROUND Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a common but highly under-recognised condition, which is missed not only by general practitioners but also by neurologists. Computerised tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain alone is not sufficient to diagnose this condition. Objective of this study was to explore the pattern of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic ...

Decrease in the activity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) increases level homocysteine. MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism has been reported as a well-known cause elevated homocysteine associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). A 34-year-old male was admitted severe headache after generalized seizure. Brain magnetic resonance venography showed thrombus superior sagittal s...

rhabdomyosarcoma is a common primary childhood malignancy that rarely metastasizes to the breast. we report a patient with a primary sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma metastasizing to the breast, with no distant spread. we describe the imaging appearance of rhabdomyosarcoma on magnetic resonance imaging (mri), particularly on diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) and apparent diffusion coefficient (adc) se...

Varicose veins in the vulvar and peri-vulvar area are seen in 4% of women and most commonly seen during pregnancy. It is thought to be as a direct result of the presence of ovarian and pelvic varicosities. Diagnostic modalities used in the investigation of this condition included pelvic ultrasound, computed venography, magnetic resonance venography and catheter-directed venography. The treatmen...

Venous system can be classified as pulmonary veins, systemic veins and venous sinuses that are present only within the skull. Cerebral venous system is divided into two main parts, the superficial and the deep system. The main assignment of veins is to carry away deoxygenated blood and other maleficient materials from the tissues towards the heart. Veins have thinner walls and larger lumina tha...

Introduction Non-invasive venography to cover the entire neck and thoracic central venous system in one examination is challenging. MR venography is ideal for coverage but the technique is difficult as the majority of contrast media are extracellular agents that rapidly leave the vascular pool. Time resolved serial acquisition methods have improved but image quality may be suboptimal and they a...

infection-related cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (cvst) is a rare cerebral vascular diseases which has no pathognomonic sign or definite diagnostic approach. it is crucial to early suspect and recognize the disease to lower morbidity and mortality of it. however, its low incidence and atypic presentation often leads to misdiagnosis and treatment delay which increase complications and mortalit...