BACKGROUND The clinical EXCITE (EXperienCe of amlodIpine and valsarTan in hypErtension) study reported clinically relevant blood pressure (BP) reductions across all doses of amlodipine/valsartan (Aml/Val) and Aml/Val/hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) single-pill combinations. The study prospectively observed a multiethnic population of hypertensive patients for 26 weeks who were treated according to ro...

Valsartan (VAL), an antagonist of angiotensin II receptor type 1, has antihypertensive and multiple cardiovascular protective effects. The pleiotropic functions of VAL are related to the increased synthesis and biological activity of intravascular nitric oxide (NO). In this study, the role and mechanisms of VAL in the synthesis of NO were examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVE...

Raman and infrared spectra of Boc-(L-Val-D-Val),-OMe [(LD-Val),], with n = 4, 6 and 8, were obtained in crystalline and solution states. Based on predictions from normal-mode calculations of a number of relevant singleand double-stranded p-helix conformations, structures were assigned for the three oligopeptides under the abovementioned conditions. In the crystalline state, all three oligopepti...

33 Recent data suggest that the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene can alter cortical 34 plasticity within the motor cortex of carriers, which exhibits abnormally low rates of cortical 35 reorganization following repetitive motor tasks. To verify if long-term retention of a motor skill 36 is also modulated by the presence of the polymorphism, 20 participants (10 Val66Val; 10 37 Val66Met) we...

OBJECTIVE Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the effects of a single dose of methylphenidate (Mph) on neurometabolite levels according to polymorphisms of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene. METHODS This study evaluated the neurometabolite levels including N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creati...

BACKGROUND The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme has a key function in the degradation of catecholamines and a functional polymorphism is val158met. The val/val genotype results in a three to fourfold higher enzymatic activity compared with the met/met genotype, with the val/met genotype exhibiting intermediate activity. Since pain syndromes as well as anxiety and depression are associ...

A phenylacetylene containing the l-valine ethyl ester pendant (PAA-Val) was synthesized and polymerized by an organorhodium catalyst (Rh(nbd)BPh₄) to produce the corresponding one-handed helical cis-poly(phenylacetylene) (PPAA-Val). PPAA-Val showed a unique temperature-triggered switchable helix-sense in chloroform, while it was not observed in highly polar solvents, such as N,N'-dimethylformam...

The design of a peptide that contains two distinct elements of secondary structure, helix and beta-hairpin, is described. Two designed 17-residue peptides: Boc-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Gly-Gly-Leu-Phe-Val-D-Pro-Gly-Leu-Phe-Val-OMe (I) and Boc-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Gly-Gly-Leu-Val-Val-D-Pro-Gly-Leu-Val-Val-OMe (II) have been conformationally characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Peptides I...

Some pseudo-peptide analogs of thiol proteinase inhibitors were synthesized by a conventional solution method. Among them, Suc-Ala-Val-Val-Ala-psi-(CH2-NH)-Ala-pNA (peptide 1) and Suc-Ala-Val-Val-psi-(CH2-NH)-Ala-Ala-pNA (peptide 2) showed a stronger inhibitory activity compared with parent peptide such as Suc-Ala-Val-Val-Ala-Ala-pNA. In particular, peptide 2 was about 10-fold as active as the ...

An experiment was conducted with Hy-Line W-36 hens to evaluate the Val requirement in a corn-soybean meal diet. Eight experimental diets were fed with Val levels of 0.700, 0.665, 0.630, 0.595, 0.560, and 0.525%. A positive control (0.765% Val) was fed. Egg production (EP) was increased by addition of Val to 0.630%. Egg weight (EW) was increased by addition of Val to 0.655%. Broken-line regressi...