This paper examines the causal effect of importing on firm productivity. We use an augmented Cobb–Douglas production function in which static and dynamic effects exporting are estimated for formal manufacturing firms Ecuador. a rich administrative data set that covers period 2007–2018 estimate total factor productivity (TFP) at level. Our results show both important sources gains from importing...

Product cycle theory has developed countries inventing goods and developing countries copying them. Once copying takes place, developed countries abandon the market – either outright, or through vertical differentiation – because of developing country cost advantages. Matching US imports and exports at the product level, I find evidence of both reactions – moving up and moving out – across manu...

This paper examines whether the productivity of U.S. business establishments is related to the extent to which their parent firms are globally engaged–from being an exporter to being a fledgling multinational that has taken a few cautious forays into foreign markets to being a seasoned multinational with extensive foreign operations. Theory suggests that multinationals possess proprietary asset...

The share of Chinese manufacturing imports in U.S. consumption has increased eight-fold between 1993 and 2011, from 1 to over 8 percent. While the literature has documented the pro-competitive price effect of the rising Chinese import competition on U.S. industries, I provide new empirical evidence for a quantitatively larger, indirect effect: for the average manufacturing industry, the increas...

Globalization offers opportunities for workers to achieve higher levels of economic prosperity. Unfortunately, it also causes job insecurity for specific groups in certain sectors. This is particularly so in the Malaysian manufacturing sector which is actively fragmenting its production structure. There are prior concerns that some workers in certain labour-intensive segments of the production ...

Global Manufacturing and International Supply Chains changed the way trade and international economics are understood today. The present essay builds on recent statistical advances to suggest new ways of looking at the demand and supply side approaches when Global Value Chains (GVCs) —articulating supply and demand chains from an international perspective— are taken into consideration. This pil...

The institutional structure of global commodity chains and cross-border production networks has a profound impact on how the benefits of globalized production are distributed. This paper engages with this issue by developing a model that combines the insights of earlier unequal exchange theorists and new work on global commodity chains to clarify the distributive dynamics of the expansion of lo...

AFFORDABILITY THROUGH REDUCED PRICING IS ONLY ONE PART OF ENHANCING ACCESS TO TREATMENT IN PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCIES: Supply Security and the guarantee of supply consistency is the other. To the extent that Patent Pooling is able to create Regional African Manufacturing capability, Africans will support the concept. However, to the extent that if further decentralises manufacture away from the ...

This paper examines international trade issues as vital indicators of the economic prospects of the United States and other developed economies. In particular, it challenges misuses of the doctrine of mutual gains from trade and instead argues that comparative advantage does not guarantee increases in benefits to both trading partners—especially when one partner seeks to distort the market mech...

Using detailed micro data from the Indonesian manufacturing sector, we examine the effect on productivity of direct foreign investment. The results suggest that direct foreign investment benefits locally owned establishments. The effect differs between groups of industries. Spillovers from DFI are found in sectors with a high degree of competition. The result suggests that the degree of competi...