This paper considers some fundamental questions concerning marginally trapped surfaces, or apparent horizons, in Cauchy data sets for the Einstein equation. An area estimate for outermost marginally trapped surfaces is proved. The proof makes use of an existence result for marginal surfaces, in the presence of barriers, curvature estimates, together with a novel surgery construction for margina...

This research combined three distinctly unique and separate measures of corruption into one corruption factor, so as to yield a robust measurement approach to further understand the political and socioeconomic variables of corruption. The findings show that a strong significant variable in measuring corruption is the personal marginal-tax rate, especially in hierarchical based nations. The high...

background: the fi nal position of the abutment changes with the amount of tightening torque. this could eventually lead to loss of passivity and marginal misfi t of prostheses. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different tightening torques on the marginal adaptation of 3-unit cement-retained implant-supported fi xed dental prostheses (fdps). materials and methods: two i...

in the market for factors of production usually the equilibrium will be stablished on the based of the equality between the value of marginal products of output and their relative price level. on the other hand the value of marginal product of output is a function of observed rate productivity of output and the market capacity of factors of production. thus the fluctuation in the rate of produc...

PURPOSE This study assessed the effect of preparation design on marginal adaptation and also compared the sensitivity and specificity of clinical evaluation techniques for marginal accuracy of cast restorations to stereomicroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three Ivorine molar teeth of different designs were prepared. (A)-A complete crown preparation with buccal shoulder and beveled finish line. ...

BACKGROUND Observational post-marketing assessment studies often involve evaluating the effect of a rare treatment on a time-to-event outcome, through the estimation of a marginal hazard ratio. Propensity score (PS) methods are the most used methods to estimate marginal effect of an exposure in observational studies. However there is paucity of data concerning their performance in a context of ...

Iodine deficiency (ID) during early pregnancy has an adverse effect on children's psychomotor and motor function but the mechanism has not been clarified. Therefore, our aim was to study the effect of maternal marginal ID on cerebellar neurodevelopment and the underlying mechanism. After obtaining marginal ID rats, we examined interactions between Bergmann glia cells (BGs) and Purkinje cells (P...

with the development of deregulated power systems and increase of prices in some hours of day and increase fuel price, demand response programs were noticed more by customers. demand response consists of a series of activities that governments or utilities design to change the amount or time of electric energy consumption, to achieve better social welfare or some times for maximizing the benefi...

Originally regarded as forbidden, black hole \hair" are elds associated with a stationary black hole apart from the gravitational and electromagnetic ones. Several stable stationary black hole solutions with gauge or Skyrme eld hair are known today within general relativity. We formulate here a \no scalar{ hair" conjecture, and adduce some new theorems that almost establish it by ruling out-for...

We propose a nonparametric method to construct confidence intervals for quantile marginal effects (i.e., derivatives of the conditional quantile function). Under certain conditions, a quantile marginal effect equals a causal (structural) effect in a general nonseparable model, or equals an average thereof within a particular subpopulation. The high-order accuracy of our method is derived. Simul...