The semantic web is becoming a realizable technology due to the efforts of researchers to develop semantic markup languages such as the DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML). A major problem that faces the semantic web community is that most information sources on the web today lack semantic markup. To fully realize the potential of the semantic web, we must find a way to automatically upgrade inf...

A new set of XML-based markup standards developed for the purpose of enabling voice browsing of the Internet will begin emerging in 2001 from the Voice Browser working group, recently organized under the auspices of the W3C. Among the first in this series of soon-to-be-released specifications is the speech synthesis text markup standard. The Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) Specification...

Recent work in markup studies suggests a profound role for context in understanding critical semantic distinctions in the use of XML markup. Specifically we argue that markup has illocutionary force, which can vary with context even while the syntax and propositional content of a markup utterance remains constant, and that the development of this insight can generalize and unify existing soluti...

Segmenting documents into discrete, sentence-like units is usually a first step in any natural language processing pipeline. However, current segmentation tools perform poorly on text that contains markup. While stripping markup is a simple solution, we argue for the utility of the extra-linguistic information encoded by markup and present a scheme for normalising markup across disparate format...

Portlets are currently supported by most portal frameworks. However, there is not yet a definitive answer to portlet interoperation whereby data flows smoothly from one portlet to a neighboring one. One of the approaches is to use deep annotation. By providing additional markup about the background services, deep annotation strives to interact with these underlying services rather than with the...

The paper describes the consolidated set of mandatory and optional requirements for an Emotion Markup Language as identified by the W3C Emotion Markup Language Incubator group. It also exposes a number of relevant questions that arise from theoretical considerations as well as from the intended use of the markup language.