introduction: coverage of bone grafts is very important in reconstructive surgery. in edentulous alveolar ridges this coverage is particularly important for supporting dental prostheses. here we present the case of a patient with a large deficient maxillary anterior region that was reconstructed with a bilateral palatal submucosal periosteal connective tissue flap: a soft tissue reserve for upp...

the coverage of soft- tissue defects of the hand specially volar side needs special consideration. although certain local flaps have been described and used for resurfacing the palm, extensive injury requires distant or free flaps for coverage. abdominal pedicle flap has been traditionally used for extensive hand injuries, however there is no doubt that one of the ideal tissues for resurfacing ...

inguinal hernias sometimes surprise surgeons with unexpected contents. this article reports a 46-year-old male with a painless inguinal mass. surgical exploration showed three smooth yellowish concretions in the hernia sac. to our knowledge, this is the first report of hernial sac lithiasis.

brain hydatid cyst constitutes one of the leading causes of cranial mass in the endemic region, especially among the children. symptoms of the disease are associated with rising of intracranial pressure and focal neurological deficit. surgical excision of the cyst is essential to treatment. here we present a 19 yr-old male livings in ardabil, northwest of iran, referred to neurosurgery clinic i...

hydatid cyst disease should be considered in differential diagnosis in many doubtful clinical situations as can present with non-specific symptoms especially in the endemic areas. cardiac involvement should be considered in patients with history of previous hydatid cyst disease.. cardiac hydatid cysts account for less than 2% of all hydatid diseases. in this report we aimed to present a case of...

a uterocutaneous fistula is a rare clinical presentation that occurs following cesarean section and other pelvic operations. there are only a few reports discussing the treatments. we describe a patient with successful surgical management and review the literature. a 25-year-old woman referred to our department 13 months after her first cesarean section. she had a history of an abdominal mass a...

normotensive hyperaldosteronism is a rare disorder. it is usually diagnosed with hypokalemia or an adrenal mass. our patient was a 27-year-old female presented with weakness. she had normal blood pressure, hypokalemia, high plasma aldosterone level and suppressed plasma renin activity. after the saline load, test aldosterone didn’t show suppression. adrenal computed tomography revealed a left a...

several lesions (inflammatory, neoplastic and congenital) can involve in the skull base. the role of imaging is to detect the location and extension of lesion, determine mass and mass like lesions, differentiate benign from malignant tumors, detect invasion to adjacent structures and make decision in surgical planning. skull base divides to anterior, middle and posterior cranial fossa and some ...

 Background: The most common laryngeal mass in children is recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).  Studies have attempted to correlate viral typing and its aggressiveness. Method: 29 patients with histologically confirmed RRP enrolled in adjuvant therapies. Patients underwent several surgical interventions. Results: HPV genotyping demonstrated 45% HPV-6 and 55% HPV-11. The mean age at the ...