Animal model, drugs, and diets. Male LDLR null (LDLR) mice on a C57BL/6 background and wild-type C57/BL/6 mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine). At 14 weeks of age, the LDLR mice (n=48) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (vehicle, ritonavir, or ritonavir plus acipimox). The protocol of animal use for this study has been approved by the IACUC of Bos...

This chapter gives some preliminary material on number theory and algebraic geometry. Section 1 gives basic preliminary notation, both mathematical and logistical. Section 2 describes what algebraic geometry is assumed of the reader, and gives a few conventions that will be assumed here. Section 3 gives a few more details on the field of definition of a variety. Section 4 does the same as Secti...

Space is an unforgiving environment – one of harshest known to mankind. Yet, space is far less understood than other service environments in which DOD systems operate. It has been known to limit the useful life of satellites, with 20 to 25% of all mission failures being attributed to the effects of the space environment.[1] Since access to space is so costly, materials and components must funct...

The world of design has been dominated since the Industrial Revolution by the rigors of manufacturing and mass production. Assembly lines have dictated aworldmade of standard parts framing the imagination of designers and builders who have been taught to think about their design objects and systems in terms of assemblies of parts with distinct functions. The assumption that parts are made of si...

That matter is secondary to shape constitutes the fallacy of design after craft. By nature, and in its rite, the material practice of craft is informed by matter, its method of fabrication, and by the environment (Semper, 1851). As in Nature, when creation begins with matter, morphogenesis, or the generation of form, is a process engendered by the physical forces of Nature (Thompson, 1942; Thom...

Copper-Based Pulsed Dipolar ESR Spectroscopy as a Probe of Protein Conformation Linked to Disease States Gregory E. Merz, Peter P. Borbat, AshleyJ. Pratt, Elizabeth D. Getzoff, Jack H. Freed* and Brian R. Crane* Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 National Biomedical Center for Advanced ESR Technology (ACERT), Cornell University. Department of Inte...

We have previously described the development of a μSL system using a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) for dynamic pattern generation and an ultraviolet (UV) lamp filtered at 365 nm for crosslinking the photoreactive polymer solution. The μSL system was designed with x-y resolution of ~2 μm and a vertical (z) resolution of ~1 μm (with practical limitations on vertical resolution of ~30 μm result...

257 Material Computation therefore directly linked to the influences of force acting upon it. Material is concentrated in regions of high strength and dispersed in areas where stiffness is not required. The implications of Nature’s structural heterogeneity, achieved through the informed distribution of composites, holds significant implications from a design perspective. The control of material...