The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is used to measure free-living energy expenditure in humans. Inherent to this technique is the assumption that natural abundances of stable isotopes (2)H and (18)O in body water remain constant over the course of the measurement period and after elimination of the loading dose of DLW will return to the same predose level. To determine variability in the nat...

The ecology of mosquitoes were studied (Diptera: Culicidae) in areas of Serra do Mar State Park, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Systematized monthly human bait collections were made three times a day, for periods of 2 or 3 h each, in sylvatic and rural areas for 24 consecutive months (January 1991 to December 1992). A total of 24, 943 specimens of adult mosquitoes belonging to 57 species were coll...

The aim of this study was to determine the independent effects of climatic factors: rainfall, temperature and relative humidity, on the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Thailand after adjustment for cyclical pattern. Data regarding monthly DHF reported cases by province, monthly rainfall, rain-days, average daily maximum temperature, average daily minimum temperature and average ...

BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral agent causing severe respiratory disease in infants and children. In temperate climates, RSV activity typically peaks during winter. We have described the seasonal variation in RSV activity and investigated which meteorological variables are related to RSV outbreaks for different time lags. METHODS Eleven laboratories in...

This study aims to assess the spatial and temporal variability of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET) over the mountainous Jeju Island, South Korea. In this mountainous region, only limited observed, station-based meteorological data are available, and thus statistical approaches are used to construct monthly reference crop ET maps. The maximum and minimum temperatures, wind speed, and relat...

In this paper, the application of neural networks to study the maximum and minimum relative humidity for Chandigarh city is explored. One important architecture of neural networks named Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) to model forecasting system is used and Back Propagation algorithm is used to train the network. The proposed network is trained with actual data of the past 10 years (2000-2010) and...

The prevalence of childhood eczema is increasing in many countries. Epidemiological studies, however, say little of its association to outdoor air pollution and climate factors. We conducted a nationwide survey of middle-school students in Taiwan from 1995 to 1996. The 12-month prevalence of eczema was compared with air monitoring station data of temperature, relative humidity, and criteria air...

introduction more and better production of food is one of the necessities of today's world. since production of agricultural products of one region depends on the air and climatic factors, it is important to examine the role of climate in agriculture (mohammadi et al., 2004: 123). in relation to agroclimatology, numerous studies by different scientists and agricultural climatologists have ...

BACKGROUND Although some authors have suggested that there is some seasonal periodicity of hemoptysis, or relation to respiratory tract infections, the association of influenza or climatic parameters with hemoptysis has been poorly investigated. Our aim was to describe the relationship between influenza and climatic parameters with severe hemoptysis that required bronchial artery embolization (...

Background. Malaria still remains a public health problem in developing countries and changing environmental and climatic factors pose the biggest challenge in fighting against the scourge of malaria. Therefore, the study was designed to forecast malaria cases using climatic factors as predictors in Delhi, India. Methods. The total number of monthly cases of malaria slide positives occurring fr...