In mobile communication systems with multisensor antennas at base stations, downlink channel estimation plays a key role because accurate channel estimates are needed for transmit beamforming. One efficient approach to this problem is channel probing with feedback. In this method, the base station array transmits probing (training) signals. The channel is then estimated from feedback reports pr...

Within the Baltic Sea Region INTERREG IIIB project `Sea level change affecting the spatial development in the Baltic Sea region' (SEAREG, 2002-2005) sea levels in past and future climate were investigated based upon 6-hourly regional model results. The main factors affecting the longterm mean sea level in the Baltic Sea are the land-uplift, the eustatic sea level rise, and the water balance of ...

The global mean sea level (GMSL) has been measured precisely by the space geodetic remote-sensing technique of radar altimetry since 1990s. Aside from well-studied seasonality and secular rise, here we focus on GMSL variation interannual–decadal (ID) timescales (GMSL-ID) investigate influences climatic oscillations as physical causes. We conduct correlation analyses GMSL-ID time series with sev...

The focus of this study is the assessment of the main range and geophysical corrections needed to derive accurate sea level time series from satellite altimetry in the Indonesia seas, the ultimate aim being the determination of sea level trend for this region. Due to its island nature, this is an area of large complexity for altimetric studies, a true laboratory for coastal altimetry. For this ...

Mean sea level is a significant phenomenon in geodetic science and oceanography. The has experienced an unprecedented rise recently, this increase can be attributed to the various human-induced activities (anthropogenic factors) ranging from deforestation burning of fossil fuels population increase. Several factors cause rise, it been identified that thermal expansion ocean water melting glacie...

one of the difficulties in using absolute altitudes is the separation between the mean open sealevel and geoid. theoretically, geoid is the base level in absolute altitudes, but practically, the mean open sealevel is used as a base level for absolute altitudes. the difference between these two levels is called as the seasurface topography. in this research, it is dealt the mean sea level modeli...