Background. Drying is the oldest method of food preservation. It works by removing water from the food, which prevents the growth of microorganisms and decay. Moreover, spray or freeze drying is also used for the preservation of probiotic cultures. The aim of this study was to compare a survival rate of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus during spray and freeze drying in ATPS. These res...

The vacuum oven-drying method (60#{176}C) was compared with the freeze-drying method. By the former method, 72.85 ± 0.0374 (SD) % moisturewas removed, by thelatter, 81.04 ± 0.050%.The feces were from the same source. With the freeze-drying method total moisture removed is clearly greater, and the time required was only 16 h, as compared with 48 h required by the vacuum oven-drying method. There...

WAGMAN, JACK (U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Frederick, Md.) AND EDWARD J. WENECK. Preservation of bacteria by circulating-gas freeze drying. Appl. Microbiol. 11:244-248. 1963.-Water-washed Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli were freeze dried in a circulating-gas system at atmospheric pressure. This convective procedure resulted in a substantially higher survival of organisms than cou...

An overview of the state-of-the-art in the use of lyophilization for the pretreatment of samples and standards prior to their storage and/or preconcentration is presented. The different analytical applications of this process are dealt with according to the type of material (reagent, standard, samples) and matrix involved.

I reviewed in 1952 the literature on freeze-dried BCG vaccine in order to help evaluate the relative merits of fresh liquid and dried vaccines on the basis of the results of vaccination. More BCG production centres have since taken to the preparation of dried BCG vaccine for either experimental use or for vaccination. In India, the scene of activity of the mass vaccination campaign has shifted ...

The difficulties experienced in keeping T. pallidum alive for carrying out the immobilization test have led us to study during the last 4 years the possibility of ensuring the keeping quality of the survival medium by means of lyophilization. The dryfreezing method was discovered by Wurtz and Camus (1919). Storage of large quantities of the medium is thereby made possible without question of ti...

Background: Sodium caseinate is a rich source of protein and minerals originating from animals. Numerous food and non-food products are made from sodium caseinate. The present study investigated the chemical components (moisture, crude protein, ash, and soluble crude protein) of sodium caseinate prepared by different acids and drying techniques. Methods: A completely randomized factorial desig...

Freeze-drying is a common preservation technology in the pharmaceutical industry. Various studies have investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on probiotics during freeze-drying. However, information on the effect of cryoprotectants on the stability of some Lactobacillus strains during freeze-drying seems scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish production m...

freeze-drying is a common preservation technology in the pharmaceutical industry. various studies have investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on probiotics during freeze-drying. however, information on the effect of cryoprotectants on the stability of some lactobacillus strains during freeze-drying seems scarce. therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish production m...

Second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita were prepared by several different techniques for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Sequential fixation in the cold (4-8 C) was superior to rapid fixation at room temperature, glutaraldehyde and glutaraldehyde-formalin were better fixatives than formalin alone, and critical point drying with carbon dioxide or Freon gave similar results that were...