early in the development of many animals, before transcription begins, any change in the pattern of protein synthesis is attributed to a change in the translational activity or stability of mrna in the egg and early embryo. as a result, translational control is critical for a variety of developmental decisions, including oocyte maturation and initiation of preimplantation development. in this s...

Recently, an increasing number of cases with delayed cutaneous reaction after immunization mRNA-based vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported. This adverse reaction, which is considered a delayed-type or T cell-mediated hypersensitivity has described for the Moderna (mRNA-1273) and Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech, BNT162b2) vaccines. We descri...

Context:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, endogenously-initiated, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally control gene expression via translational repression or mRNA turnover. MiRNAs have attracted much attention in recent years as they play critical roles in gene expression and are promising tools with many biotech and therapeutic applications. The molecular mechanisms und...

context:micrornas (mirnas) are a class of short, endogenously-initiated, non-coding rnas that post-transcriptionally control gene expression via translational repression or mrna turnover. mirnas have attracted much attention in recent years as they play critical roles in gene expression and are promising tools with many biotech and therapeutic applications. the molecular mechanisms underlying t...

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a surveillance mechanism ensuring the fast decay of mRNAs harboring a premature termination codon (PTC). As a quality control mechanism, NMD distinguishes PTCs from normal termination codons in order to degrade PTC-carrying mRNAs only. For this, NMD is connected to various other cell processes which regulate or activate it under specific cell conditions or ...

Supernova neutrinos could be well-suited for probing neutrino decay, since decay may be observed even for very small decay rates or coupling constants. We will use a combined description of neutrino decay and neutrino oscillations for supernova neutrinos, especially taking into account two properties: One is the radially symmetric neutrino flux, allowing a decay product to be re-directed toward...

Background: Nonstop decay (NSD) mechanism has remained unknown in mammalian cells. Result: Degradation of unstable non-stop mRNA requires Hbs1, Dom34 as well as exosome-Ski complex in mammalian cells. Conclusion: NSD mechanism exists in mammalian cells, which involves a member of eRF3 family of G proteins, Hbs1. Significance: Our work provides a foundation for dissecting detailed molecular basi...