Abstract. During the Neolithic (ca. 6200-5000 BCE), South Caucasian economies basically developed within a fairly secluded environment that afforded only limited relationships with Syrian or Mesopotamian communities. However, change in interregional dynamics occurred course of 5th millennium, which led to progressive integration Caucasus into wider region included western Iran, eastern Anatolia...

writing was invented in late 4th millennium bc in southern mesopotamia and consequently written documents were produced. legal documents are among the most important documents left to us from ancient mesopotamia. sumerian legal documents allow us to study the formation of law in the earliest urban societies. in this paper we study the edicts of uru-ka-gina (also read iri-ka-gina). old and new i...

Throughout prehistory, the cultures of Iran and Western Asia differed in important respects. Many of these differencescan be attributed to the different geographic and environmental conditions in the two regions. Western Iran is largely aheavily divided mountainous region with difficult access whereas Mesopotamia is relatively flat and open to travel andtrade. The early Holocene environment of ...

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Even before the dawn of civilization, trade was important to the inhabitants of Mesopotamia. In the southern part, where the first cities were built, the only natural resource of importance was dirt. With proper care and irrigation, the dirt could produce what was, for its time, an impressive crop yield. The results of this were twofold. First, people had time to devote to pursuits other than t...

Mesopotamia, the land that is today part of Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, is home to one of the oldest civilizations to have ever been discovered. It is here that the civilizations of Sumer, Babylon, and Assyria existed. This land is noteworthy in the Bible because it was here that the exiles were taken captive after the destruction of Jerusalem. It was also here that Abraham had lived before he set...