Molten metal meniscus profile and mold flux channel width were measured under high frequency magnetic field by model experiments, then the dynamic pressure in mold flux channel were calculated during one mold oscillation period. It is found that the high frequency magnetic field can decrease the dynamic pressure greatly, which may be one mechanism of improving the billets surface quality by the...

The cytotoxicity of a series of dental casting alloys in the as-cast and polished condition was determined with cell culture techniques involving phase contrast microscopy to examine cell morphology and the succinic dehydrogenase histochemical reaction to measure any ring of inhibition of Balb/c 3T3 cellular respiration around alloys. Crown and bridge casting alloys and a nickel- and a cobalt-b...

The production of aluminum billetsdstarting from the conversion of bauxite to alumina, the processing of alumina to aluminum, and the final cast productdis studied using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The aluminum supply chain consists of a refinery, a smelter, and a casting plant. In the LCA model, the environmental loads of four different case scenarios were investigated. The scenari...

PURPOSE To assess the marginal and internal gaps of the copings fabricated by computer-aided milling and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) systems in comparison to casting method. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten metal copings were fabricated by casting, computer-aided milling, and DMLS. Seven mesiodistal and labiolingual positions were then measured, and each of these were divided into the catego...

It has been documented in vitro and in vivo that metal dental appliances release metal ions due to corrosion. Dentists must choose among many dental casting alloys available, often without knowledge of their biological properties and effect on oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to measure metal content of nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) in whole saliva of 85 patients with and without metal de...

The liquid metal flow and the solidification behaviours in a multi-cavity casting mould of two automotive cast parts were simulated in three dimensions. The commercial code, FLOW-3D® was used because it can track the front of the molten metal by a Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and allows complicated parts to be modeled by the Fractional Area/Volume Obstacle Representation (FAVOR) meth...

In a foundry casting line, contaminants are released from a large area. Casting fumes include both volatile and particulate compounds. The volatile fraction contains hydrocarbons, whereas the particulate fraction mostly comprises a mixture of vaporized metal fumes. Casting fumes lower the air quality in foundries. The design of local ventilation for the casting area is a challenging task, becau...

The heat treatment cycles that are currently applied to semi-solid processed components are mostly those that are in use for dendritic casting alloys. These heat treatments are not necessarily the optimum treatments. It is shown that a decrease of the solution treatment time at 540 o C from 6 hours to 1 hour does not alter the T4 or T6 tensile properties of the SSM processed A356 alloy. Slightl...

Alex Yanson, P. Rodriguez, N. Garcia-Araez, R. V. Mom, F. D. Tichelaar and M. T. M. Koper Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Postbus 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 2 FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF), Postbus 41883, 1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands 3Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Nethe...

From the early Copper Age several millennia ago, to the beginning of the Steel Age in the 19th century, our capacity to access and manipulate metals has created the foundation for the modern world. Today, metal structures are ubiquitous— from the tallest skyscrapers to the most elegant of jewelry—that we often forget much of it originated from metal containing ores, comprised of metal compounds...