Abstract: the competition between the precipitation of cobalt ions and evolution of hydrogen gas on the cathode surface duringthe reduction process in a sulfate bath, investigation on the mechanism of metal precipitation is of great importance.In the present work, study on the kinetics of cobalt electrowinning and the mechanism of the involved reactions havebeen carried out. The obtained result...

With rapid industrial development, problems related to pollution are becoming severe Water pollution is one of the most serious problems because inorganic and organic wastes are discharged to the aquatic environment either in water soluble or insoluble forms. Heavy metal ions have lethal effects on all forms of life and these enter the food chain through the disposal of wastes in water channels...

It is now a well known phenomenon that thin films are susceptible to size effects, which can be captured adequately by gradient plasticity theories. Besides the scale dependency, metal thin films also exhibit time dependent behavior: anelasticity (deformation recovery over time following elastic spring back upon load removal) and creep (permanent deformation developed over time at constant load...

Classical xerogels are robust, inexpensive and nontoxic materials with low-ordered nanoporous structures. In water streams where the pH is higher than the Point of Zero Charge, the surface of classical xerogels such as tetraethoxy orthosilan (TEOS) xerogel is negatively charged. It was assumed that a xerogel can work as a strong adsorbent for metal ions without further modification. Therefore, ...

various researches on laboratory and field scale illustrate that manipulating the ionic composition and the ion concentration of injected water can affect the efficiency of water flooding and the interaction of injected water with rock and other fluids present in porous media. the objectives of this paper are to investigate parameters that affect low salinity water flooding; mainly the effect o...

The wear mechanism of plasma electrolytic nitrocarburised (PEN/C) 316L stainless steel samples was studied after a pin on disc wear test. The surface morphology of samples after application of PEN/C process was studied using scanning electron microscope technique. The sliding tracks resulting from the wear tests on the treated specimens indicated no signs of plastic deformation and adhesive wea...

Several studies have shown that oil recovery significantly increased by low salinity water flooding (LSWF) in sandstones. However, mechanism of oil recovery improvement is still controversial. CO2 that develops buffer in presence of water is expected as a deterrent factor in LSWF efficiency based on mechanism of IFT reduction due to pH uprising. No bright evidence in literature suppo...

The metal fmishing industry uses over 40 production processes to produce a wide range of metal products. Waste streams generated include wastewater, waste oils, spent solvents, and spent process solutions. Current1,v a wide variety of techniques which minimize waste are available. Cost-effective methods to reduce electroplating wastewater contamination include water conserv&ion and drag-out red...

Systematic development and mechanistic studies of sensing materials are critical to the design of higher performance gas sensing elements and arrays. Polycrystalline metal-oxide semiconductors such as SnO2 and TiO2 are among the most widely used materials for thin film-based conductometric gas sensors. The mechanistic steps responsible for the gas-induced conductance changes of polycrystalline ...