By means of secondary biogenic gas generation, Microbially Enhance Coalbed Methane (MECoM) technology is used to improve methane content in coalbed. Methanogen consortium metabolism process is the basic avenue for MECoM to yield methane with some organic compounds in coal. Detailed information about the metabolism process is needed in studying the microbial consortium mechanism. Traditional gas...

Natural photosynthesis harnesses solar energy to convert CO2 and water to value-added chemical products for sustaining life. We present a hybrid bioinorganic approach to solar-to-chemical conversion in which sustainable electrical and/or solar input drives production of hydrogen from water splitting using biocompatible inorganic catalysts. The hydrogen is then used by living cells as a source o...

About 3 to 12% of the energy consumed by ruminants (cattle and sheep) is converted to methane in the rumen (referred to as enteric methane) and released into the atmosphere. Adopting feeding strategies that will minimize the amount of energy, lost as methane, can improve feed conversion efficiency, improve animal productivity, and is good for the environment. Producers can reduce their herd's m...

Direct sulfonation of methane with SO3 to methanesulfonic acid (MSA) is accomplished in sulfuric acid with almost 100% selectivity in the presence of a catalyst, namely, Ce and Rh salts and molecular oxygen as the catalyst regenerator. In the absence of O2, the catalyst remains effective but the selectivity to MSA decreases to 53% and byproducts, principally CH3OSO3H, are formed. The effects of...

1. The roles of the three protein components of soluble methane mono-oxygenase were investigated by the use of rapid-reaction techniques. The transfer of electrons through the enzyme complex from NADH to methane/O2 was also investigated. 2. Electron transfer from protein C, the reductase component, to protein A, the hydroxylase component, was demonstrated. Protein C was shown to undergo a three...

1 Foreword 2 Introduction 3 Biomass Energy with Negative Emissions 4 Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) 4 Ethanol program in Brazil 5 Negative emissions in the bioenergy lifecycle 5 Carbon Capture, Conversion and Storage 7 Conversion 7 Capture 8 Storage 9 CCS 9 Biochar 10 Oceans and carbon storage 12 Addressing Other Contributions to Carbon Emissions 12 Methane emissions from the...

In the microwave and radio frequency (RF) plasma catalytic reaction at room temperature, the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) over transitional metals loaded on ZSM-5 has been carried out. The transitional metals, Fe, Ni, Co and Cu (1B family element), loaded on ZSM-5 have been tested for the OCM using the plasma catalytic reaction. In this work, the conversion of methane to C2 products has ...

The comment and response concerning the report of oxidation of methane to methanol by water (Reports, 5 May 2017, p. 523) do not fully capture the implications of thermodynamic limitations. A nonisothermal process in which each cycle requires a large temperature swing and permits only substoichiometric methane conversion surely could not be carried out on any practical scale.

An experimental and kinetic modeling study on the Ni-catalyzed conversion of methane under oxidative and reforming conditions is presented. The numerical model is based on a surface reaction mechanism consisting of 52 elementary-step like reactions with 14 surface and six gas-phase species. Reactions for the conversion of methane with oxygen, steam, and CO2 as well as methanation, water-gas shi...