Background: P. gingivalis is the prime aetiological bacteria of initiation and progression of periodontal disease. It is also the risk factor of many system diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and pulmonary infection. This study is aiming to demonstrate the effects of stimulated microgravity on p. gingivalis ATCC33277. Methods: We performed the rotary cell culture system (RCCS) t...

Space flight is an environmental condition where astronauts can lose up to 19% of weight-bearing bone during long duration missions. We used the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast to investigate bone cell growth in microgravity (10(-6) to 10(-9)g). Osteoblasts were launched on the STS-56 shuttle flight in a quiescent state with 0.5% fetal calf serum (FCS) medium and growth activation was initiated by adding f...

Crewmembers of space flights commonly experience certain health condition changes such as immune system dysregulation, musculoskeletal changes (e.g., significant bone and muscle loss), and neurological alterations. Since the space exploration of the 1960s and 1970s, physiological changes in several organ systems due to weightlessness have been identified. Some of the adverse effects are a decli...

Microgravity can affect many aspects of intestinal homeostasis, leading to an increased risk of colitis. Estrogen, the most frequently affected hormone when under simulated microgravity, regulates the permeability of the colonic mucosa barrier. The associations between alterations in intestinal microbiota and increased susceptibility under microgravity have not been thoroughly elucidated. The a...

NASA dedicated over 20 shuttle missions to microgravity research as a primary payload, and many more missions carried microgravity research experiments as secondary payloads. The space agency’s microgravity research strived to increase understanding of the effects of gravity on biological, chemical, and physical systems. Living systems benefited as well. Cells, as they adapted to microgravity, ...

Space flight strongly moderates human immunity but is in general well tolerated. Elucidation of the mechanisms by which zero gravity interacts with human immunity may provide clues for developing rational avenues to deal with exaggerated immune responses, e.g. as in autoimmune disease. Using two sounding rockets and one manned Soyuz launch, the influence of space flight on immunological signal ...

We sought to determine if (i) peak vascular conductance of the calf was reduced following prolonged exposure to simulated microgravity, and (ii) if maximal cycle ergometry performed at the end of microgravity exposure stimulated a restoration of peak calf vascular conductance. To do this, peak vascular conductance of the calf was recorded following ischaemic plantar flexion exercise to fatigue ...