Retinoic acid induced-1 (RAI1) is an important yet understudied histone code reader that when mutated in humans results in Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS), a neurobehavioral disorder accompanied by signature craniofacial abnormalities. Despite previous studies in mouse and human cell models, very little is known about the function of RAI1 during embryonic development. In the present study, we have...

W e review herein our experience with subperiosteal midface-lifting under direct vision with a simple fixation technique. The technical aspects of the procedure are described in detail. A total of 121 patients underwent midface-lifting and meloplication with the 82/18 L-lactide/glycolide device (Coapt Endotine Midface ST 4.5; Coapt Technologies, Palo Alto, Calif) by both the senior (G.S.K.) and...

Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal disorder involving a constellation of craniofacial manifestations including midface retrusion. We report the case of a 13-year-old girl with pycnodysostosis who presented with exorbitism, midface retrusion, malocclusion, and obstructive sleep apnea. Here, we describe the successful use of subcranial Le Fort III advancement using distraction...

Loss of volume in midface can result in an aged, wasted appearance. Osseous and fat atrophy with aging may further contribute to the loss of soft tissue support and midface ptosis. In the aging of periorbital area and midface, fat atrophy occurs mostly in the suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) area. The authors proposed that injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler to support the SOOF area could c...

The AOCMF Classification Group developed a hierarchical three-level craniomaxillofacial classification system with increasing level of complexity and details. The highest level 1 system distinguish four major anatomical units including the mandible (code 91), midface (code 92), skull base (code 93), and cranial vault (code 94). This tutorial presents the level 2 system for the midface unit that...

Aim: The author describes a new endoscopic midface lifting technique using solely temporal access and evaluates its advantages and perspectives. Methods: This is a single-surgeon case study. Through a short temporal incision, dissection is performed along a single plane connecting the superficial surfaces of both the facial and temporal superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) layers. Subse...

Trauma to the midface involves fracture of the maxilla, the zygoma, orbit and the nasoorbital ethmoid complex. The facial skeleton is made up of thin segments of bone encased and supported by a more rigid framework of ‘buttresses’. The midface is anchored to the cranium through this framework. Midfacial fractures can occur in isolation or in combination with other serious injuries. The road tra...

BACKGROUND Aesthetic surgeons have become increasingly aware that elevation of the midface is a significant component of facial rejuvenation. However, adequate fixation remains a problem in midface lift procedures, regardless of the approach. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and ease of application of the Endotine midface device (Coapt Systems, Palo Alto, CA), ...

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate craniofacial developmental patterns in repaired cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP). DESIGN Retrospective, longitudinal. SETTING Center for Craniofacial Disorders, San Juan, Puerto Rico. SAMPLE Males aged 9 to 17 years: 13 noncleft (NC) Class I occlusion (NCC1); 13 NC Class III malocclusion (NCC3); 12 CLP Class I occlusion (CLPC1); and 15 CLP Class III malocclusion (...