Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author Andrea Gutiérrez Name of the doctoral dissertation Noble Metal Catalysts in the Production of Biofuels Publisher School of Chemical Technology Unit Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 140/2013 Field of research Industrial Chemistry Manuscript sub...

There continues to be significant interest in the development, certification, and use of alternative (non-petroleum) aviation fuels. The motivation for this is driven by many factors, including the growing demand and reduced supply of petroleum-derived fuels, cost volatility, and desire for a reliable domestic fuel supply. In addition, the production of alternative fuels from renewable/biologic...

BACKGROUND India contributes 24% of the global annual child deaths due to acute respiratory infections (ARIs). According to WHO, nearly 50% of the deaths among children due to ARIs is because of indoor air pollution (IAP). There is insufficient evidence on the relationship between IAP from the use of solid fuels and incidence of life threatening respiratory illnesses (LTRI) in children in India...

Microalga-based fuels are promising solutions for replacing fossil fuels. This feedstock presents several advantages such as fast growth in a harsh environment and an ability to trap gases emitted from industries, thus reducing global warming effects. An efficient way convert harvested microalgae into biofuels is hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), which yields intermediate product called biocrude...

Analytical tools are needed for assessing the cost and effectiveness of large-scale prescribed fire programs. Cost and effectiveness trade-offs for U.S. Department of Interior (USDI) fuels treatment programs were analyzed, with particular emphasis on National Park Service (NPS) hazard fuel reduction projects. A prototype simulation model was developed for the Mineral King study area in Sequoia-...

Forest fire risk in Finland is estimated with the Finnish Fire Index (FFI), which predicts fuel moisture content (FMC) of forest floor. We studied FMC variation four typical ground vegetation fuels, Pleurozium schreberi, Hylocomium splendens, Dicranum spp., and Cladonia raw humus mature recently clear-cut stands. Of these, six were sub-xeric Pinus sylvestris stands, mesic Picea abies analysed a...

Fossil fuels in the transport and mobility sector can be replaced with several renewable fuels, such as renewable electricity, hydrogen and biomass-to-liquid. When these alternative fuels are used, aspects such as safeguarding supply, economic efficiency, and environmental protection must be taken into account to ensure sustainable change and to create a sustainable society. We introduce a scen...

Production of algal crude oil has been achieved in various pilot scale facilities, but whether algal fuels can be produced in sufficient quantity to meaningfully displace petroleum fuels, has been largely overlooked. Limitations to commercialization of algal fuels need to be understood and addressed for any future commercialization. This review identifies the major constraints to commercializat...

three types of vehicles, pride, peugeot 405 glx and paykan were tested from the point of view of exhaust emissions (co, hc, nox) and fuel consumption, on chassis dynamometer running european standard driving cycle with three kinds of fuels, mtbe free unleaded regular gasoline (urg) as base fuel and 10 and 15 volume percent mtbe –gasoline blends as comparable fuels. utilizing mtbe blended fuels ...