In this paper, a new structure is provided for the dispersion compensating photonic crystal fibers in order to broaden the chromatic dispersion and increase the dispersion compensating capability in a wide wavelength range. In the structure, putting a combination of circular holes and a star structure in the inner core clad causes the dispersion coefficient profile to be broadened, and addition...

Comparing English and Finnish, and simplifying a complex issue very much, we can say that English has fixed word order and Finnish has free word order. Syntactic theories such as HPSG (Sag and Wasow, 1999) have provided relatively successful descriptions of English, using a phrase structure approach to capture generalizations about fixed word order. Software tools such as LKB (Copestake, 2000) ...

Motivated by the fact that transfer functions do not contain structural information about networks, dynamical structure functions were introduced to capture causal relationships between measured nodes in networks. From the dynamical structure functions, a) we show that the actual number of hidden states can be larger than the number of hidden states estimated from the corresponding transfer fun...

In this short communication, we announce results from our research on the structure of complete noncompact oriented weakly stable minimal hypersurfaces in a manifold of nonnegative sectional curvature. In particular, a complete oriented weakly stable minimal hypersurface in Rm, m > or = 4, must have only one end; any complete noncompact oriented weakly stable minimal hypersurface has only one e...

In this paper we introduce a new class of mg-continuous mapping and studied some of its basic properties.We obtain some characterizations of such fuctions. Moreover we define subminimal structure and further study certain properties of mg-closed sets.

A dynamical version of the Bourgain-Fremlin-Talagrand dichotomy shows that the enveloping semigroup of a dynamical system is either very large and contains a topological copy of βN, or it is a “tame” topological space whose topology is determined by the convergence of sequences. In the latter case the dynamical system is called tame. We use the structure theory of minimal dynamical systems to s...

The crystal structure of an 8-mer (S)-GNA duplex is presented. As a tool for phasing, the anomalous diffraction of two copper(II) ions within two artificial metallo-base pairs was employed. The duplex structure confirms a canonical Watson-Crick base pairing scheme of GNA with antiparallel strands. The duplex secondary structure is distinct from canonical A- and B-form nucleic acids and can be d...

nowadays, many antibiotics are being used to control infectious diseases. inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to emergence of resistant bacteria and problems such as a prolonged course of treatment. medicinal plants and their derivatives, as a good source of treatment, are effective against drug resistance. in this study we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of herbal essential oils o...