The modal split model is one of the steps of the classical four-step travel demand planning. Predictive, descriptive, and prescriptive modal split models are essential to make a balance between travel demand and supply. To calibrate these models, it is necessary to detect and employ influential independent variables that are related to characteristics of travel modes, individual and family attr...

A general method of automated modal logic theorem proving is discussed and illustrated. This method is based on the sub-stitutional framework for the development of systems for hybrid reasoning. Sentences in modal logic are translated into a constraint logic in which the constraints represent the connections between worlds in the possible world semantics for modal logic. Deduction in the constr...

Well-known results due to David Makinson show that there are exactly two Post complete normal modal logics, that in both of them, the modal operator is truthfunctional, and that every consistent normal modal logic can be extended to at least one of them. Lloyd Humberstone has recently shown that a natural analog of this result in congruential modal logics fails, by showing that not every congru...

Cross-modal retrieval has drawn wide interest for retrieval across different modalities of data (such as text, image, video, audio and 3D model). However, existing methods based on deep neural network (DNN) often face the challenge of insufficient cross-modal training data, which limits the training effectiveness and easily leads to overfitting. Transfer learning is usually adopted for relievin...

in treating the subject of musical language, a persian musician would be intrinsically drawn to the structural similarities between the persian music and language. indeed persian music and language are extremely related in their metrics, intonations and structural phrases (syntax). although we will draw upon this relationship, our aim in this article is to present “music as a language,” consist...

We introduce relativized modal algebra homomorphisms and show that the category of modal algebras and relativized modal algebra homomorphisms is dually equivalent to the category of modal spaces and partial continuous p-morphisms, thus extending the standard duality between the category of modal algebras and modal algebra homomorphisms and the category of modal spaces and continuous p-morphisms...

In the context of the study of modality in interaction with time, the phenomenon whereby a modalized proposition entails its non-modal counterpart has been known as an ‘actuality entailment’ since Bhatt (1999). The question that actuality entailments raise is how modal statements can be distinguished from their non-modal counterparts and how modal contributes meaning. The main idea that the pap...

Autonomous modal parameter estimations may involve sorting a large number of possible solutions to develop one consistent estimate of the modal parameters (frequency, damping, mode shape, and modal scaling). Once the final, consistent estimate of modal parameters is established, this estimate can be compared to related solutions from the larger set of solutions to develop statistical attributes...

Modal vectors frequently have small amounts of contamination or distortion from random errors or bias errors, particularly when compared to results from modeling where normal modal vectors are the common result since damping is not included in the model. In order to understand, and possibly eliminate the contamination, tools are needed to evaluate the contamination. While the traditional modal ...