A batch of pine timber sawn from butt, middle and top logs was strength graded with the visual method (classification into grading classes KW—best quality, KS—medium KG—inferior quality Reject) machine method—performed use a mobile grader C classes). We compared efficiency classes, depending on type log which material obtained (butt, middle, top). Next, used to measure modulus elasticity in ben...

The aim of this study was to produce Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) and Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) films and to enhance their properties by reinforcing them with nanoclay particles. Thus, nanocomposite films were prepared with blending of CMC and PVA, as a matrix and several filler loadings of nanoclay particles. The various formulations of nanocomposite films obtained with casting m...

the deformation modulus of a rock mass is an important input parameter in any analysis of rock mass behavior for geotechnical projects such as dams. the determination of this parameter by in situ tests are time consuming and expensive. therefore, different researchers have proposed empirical relationships for estimating the value of rock mass deformation modulus. this work has been done by usin...

Abstract The effect of knot clusters on the bending properties Korean pine ( Pinus koraiensis ) cross-laminated timber (CLT) was analyzed to increase utilization low-quality lumber. laminae used manufacture CLT were classified into five groups, four major layer and one minor group, by mechanical grade area ratio (KAR) lamina. Out-of-plane tests conducted made from each group. modulus elasticity...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thermally compressed veneer laminating on some of the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) veneers were compressed under various press conditions. Commercially produced particleboard samples were laminated with such compressed veneer sheets. The density, 2-h and 24-h water absorption...

The current method for determination of modulus of elasticity (MOE) in Europe, EN 408, does not specific enough instructions to obtain comparable results between institutes. There are different interpretations especially regarding the placements of deflection yokes and transducers and also regarding the evaluation of test results. This paper proposes a modified test method, similar to the one i...

Changbai larch (Larix olgensis Henry) is one of the main plantation species in the northern part of China, but so far its utilization has been limited to solid wood, pulping, and paper products. As part of a national initiative, the objective of this work was to develop a good understanding concerning how stand management practices affect larch wood and veneer properties. To cope with the varia...

Heat treatment often brings about some negative effects on mechanical properties of wood. Chinese fir is currently underutilized due to some inherent properties that limit its further applications. Using steam as a heating medium and a shielding gas, the heartwood and sapwood of Chinese fir were treated at a temperature ranging from 170oC to 230oC and time from 1 to 5 hours in an airtight chamb...

We tested the effects of growth characteristics and basic density on hydraulic and mechanical properties of mature Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood from six 24-year-old clones, grown on two sites in southern Sweden differing in water availability. Hydraulic parameters assessed were specific hydraulic conductivity at full saturation (ks100) and vulnerability to cavitation (Psi50), me...

Samples of Chinese fir were treated with either low-molecular-weight or commercial phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. The macroand micromechanical properties of the treated and untreated samples were determined. The average longitudinal tensile modulus of elasticity (MOE) was 30.88% larger for the samples treated with the low-molecular-weight PF resin than it was for the untreated samples. The av...