The present study prepares alkali lignin (AL) via acidification of black liquor, obtained from a pulp and paper factory. The average molecular weight of AL (equal to 2,530 g/mol) has been determined with gel permeation chromatography. AL has been modified by ethylene glycol, while lignin nanoparticles (LN) has been prepared through acid precipitation technology, their size being assessed by mea...

Background & Aims: Nocardia are gram-positive, aerobic, relative acid-fast, and opportunistic bacteria, and one of the causes of systematic infection around the world. The natural habitats of these bacteria are soil and dust. Hospitalized patients with immune deficiency are at high risk of transmission of opportunistic infection. Due to these facts and...

Time-dependent molecular properties are important for the experimental characterization of molecular materials. We show how these properties can be calculated, for optical and x-ray frequencies, using novel quantum chemical methods. For xray absorption there are important relativistic effects appearing, due to the high velocity electrons near the atomic nuclei. These effects are treated rigorou...

The presence of atomic gas mixed with molecular species in a “molecular” cloud may significantly affect its chemistry, the excitation of some species, and can serve as probe of the cloud’s evolution. Cold neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) in molecular clouds is revealed by its self absorption of background galactic HI 21-cm emission. The properties of this gas can be investigated quantitatively thro...