Active scanning delivery systems take full advantage of ion beams to best conform to the tumor and to spare surrounding healthy tissues; however, it is also a challenging technique for quality assurance. In this perspective, we upgraded the GATE/GEANT4 Monte Carlo platform in order to recalculate the treatment planning system (TPS) dose distributions for active scanning systems. A method that a...

introduction: prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among males and the second factor resulting to death due to cancer among them.(1) the median age of its diagnosis is 65 years. the initial treatment includes androgen ablation or orchiectomy.(2, 3) in case of patient’s hormone refractory, chemotherapy would be substituted. the objective of this study is the consideration of intermi...

BACKGROUND New cancer biomarkers are being discovered at a rapid pace; however, these tests vary in their predictive performance characteristics, and it is unclear how best to use them. METHODS We investigated 2-stage biomarker-based screening strategies in the context of prostate cancer using a partially observable Markov model to simulate patients' progression through prostate cancer states...

Generalized linear models with scale mixture of multivariate normal (SMMVN) link functions are considered to model correlated ordinal response data. A unified Bayesian approach, which includes prior elicitation and model comparison, is proposed. In order to incorporate available prior information, we propose a class of informative prior distributions on model parameters. The propriety of the pr...

one of known methods for measuring, forecasting and managing risk is value at risk, which recently has been used by financial institutions extensively. value at risk (var) is a method for recognizing and evaluating risk and uses standard statistical techniques that have daily using in other contexts. this research is seeking a career for managing investment risk in stock exchange and selection ...

in this study, monte carlo statistical mechanical simulations for vinblastine and vincristine werecarried out in standard manner using the metropolis sampling technique in canonical (t, v, n)ensemble., geometrical optimizations of vinblastine and vincristine were carried out with the hfmethod coupled to 6-31g(d) basis sets for all atoms. simulation was done by four force fields ofmm+, bio+, amb...