The effects of restrictions of available character space on the mean morphological distance between living members of evolutionary phylads are examined by Monte Carlo simulation. The approach involves specifying the degree to which ancestor-descendant species may differ and limiting the range of attainable character states within a phylad. Morphological evolution is modeled as a Markovian proce...

Pepper species exhibit broad genetic diversity, which enables their use in breeding programs. The objective of this study was to characterize the diversity between the parents of different species and their interspecific hybrids using morphological and molecular markers. The parents of Capsicum annuum (UFPB-01 and -137), C. baccatum (UFPB-72), and C. chinense (UFPB-128) and their interspecific ...

Molecular marker loci were used to investigate the inheritance of morphological traits that distinguish maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) from a closely related wild relative, teosinte (Z. mays ssp. mexicana). Regression and interval mapping analyses gave largely congruent results concerning the numbers of loci controlling the morphological traits and the magnitudes of their effects; however, interval...

—This paper reviews population variation in Fraxinus americana (white ash) to determine whether intraspecific variation in various physiological traits affects growth and survival in F. americana and to correlate any intraspecific variation in F. americana with temperature or precipitation differences throughout the species range. Beginning in the 1980s, results from common garden studies indic...

Functional diversity is a critical component driving ecosystem functioning. Spatially explicit data of plant functional traits and are essential for understanding biodiversity effects on Here we retrieved three morphological (95th quantile height, leaf area index, foliage height diversity) physiological (chlorophyll + b content, specific area, equivalent water thickness) from airborne laser sca...

an f2 japanese quail population was developed by crossing two strains (wild and white) to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) for performance and carcass traits. a total of 472 f2 birds were reared and slaughtered at 42 days of age. performance and carcass traits were measured on all of the f2 individuals. parental (p0), f1 and f2 individuals were genotyped with 3 microsatellites from quail chrom...

Glossary Adaptation A genetically controlled trait that has evolved by natural selection. Analogous traits Similar traits that evolved independently in different species in response to similar environmental pressures. Comparative psychology The study of mind and behavior in nonhuman animals. Convergent evolution The process by which natural selection produces similar adaptations in different sp...

The objective of this study was to identify morphological measurements that best distinguish Moroccan Barcha and Atlas goat breeds. Ten measurements (body weight - BW, body length - BL, heart girth - HG, withers height - WH, rump height - WH, back length - BAL, neck length - NL, head length - HL, ear length - EL, and ear width - EW) of 876 adult animals of both sexes (547 Barcha and 329 Atlas) ...