Road, railway and track networks are important features of satellite imagery. Automated detection of tracks in mountainous terrain using satellite imagery is a difficult task. The track and the shadow signature of the mountainous terrain are almost same. The presence of ridges and snow also creates a lot of ambiguity. Moreover due to poor sunlight condition in the mountainous terrain the images...

Calmodulin (CALM), a calcium-binding protein, is expressed in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; it plays a pivotal role in the reproductive system by regulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling. Downstream of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal signaling pathways, liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1) is involved in female gonadal hormone synthesis. In the chicken, although the two g...

BACKGROUND The overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in China is declining. The purpose of this study was to use a community-based epidemiological study to update the infection status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in mountainous regions of China, and to evaluate the impact of the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) on HBV transmission. METHODS In total, 10,383 participants w...

One new species of the genus Phradis, Phradis peruvianussp. n., from the mountainous part of Peruvian Amazonia, is described and illustrated. This is the first record of the genus from South America and the Neotropical region.

Abstract Handover (HO) which can make user equipment (UE) communicate with the eNodeB (evolves NodeB) with the highest signal quality will have bad performance in high-speed railway scenario. In this paper, detailed introduction is made on Layer3 (L3) filtering theory to help solve this problem. HO measurement and HO decision procedure based on L3 filtering are designed and implemented in a dyn...

The objective of this study is to estimate the daily extreme precipitation distribution in an Asian monsoon region considering orographic precipitation in mountainous areas. For this purpose, the APHRODITE data set and precipitation observations from 150 raingauges throughout Thailand were used as the main input. First, a bias-correction for underestimated precipitation in the APHRODITE data se...

Spatial interpolation of rain gauge data is important in forcing of hydrological simulations or evaluation of weather predictions, for example. This paper investigates the application of statistical distance, like one minus common variance of observation time series, between data sites instead of geographical distance in interpolation. Here, as a typical representative of interpolation methods ...

Populations of large carnivores can persist in mountainous environments following extensive land use change and the conversion of suitable habitat for agriculture and human habitation in lower lying areas of their range. The significance of these populations is poorly understood, however, and little attention has focussed on why certain mountainous areas can hold high densities of large carnivo...

Climate change velocity is a vector depiction of the rate of climate displacement used for assessing climate change impacts. Interpreting velocity requires an assumption that climate trajectory length is proportional to climate change exposure; longer paths suggest greater exposure. However, distance is an imperfect measure of exposure because it does not quantify the extent to which trajectori...

Protected areas in mountains are regularly in the focus of international efforts to conserve the environment and enable sustainable development. The following article analyses the current extend of protection in mountainous versus non-mountainous areas, sheds light on the rationales behind the establishment of mountain protected areas, and proposes directions for future endeavours in protecting...