The application of a Strike Limit Algorithm (SLA) based on Adaptive Kalman Filtering techniques to the eastern North Pacific (ENP) stock gray whales is described. This SLA modification an earlier one which was designed for Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas bowhead whales. Extended filters are used estimate present size and posterior probability distributions Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) MSY-rate ...

To study rapidly evolving male specific Y (MSY) genes we retrieved and analyzed nine such genes. VCY, HSFY and RBMY were found to have functional X gametologs, but the rest did not. Using chimpanzee orthologs for XKRY, CDY, HSFY, PRY, and TSPY, the average silent substitution is estimated as 0.017 +/- 0.006/site and the substitution rate is 1.42 x 10(-9)/site/year. Except for VCY, all other loc...

The human Y chromosome, because it is enriched in repetitive DNA, has been very intractable to genetic and molecular analyses. There is no previous evidence for developmental stage- and testis-specific transcription from the male-specific region of the Y (MSY). Here, we present evidence for the first time for a developmental stage- and testis-specific transcription from MSY distal heterochromat...

Amplicons--large, nearly identical repeats in direct or inverted orientation--are abundant in the male-specific region of the human Y chromosome (MSY) and provide targets for intrachromosomal non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR). Thus far, NAHR events resulting in deletions, duplications, inversions, or isodicentric chromosomes have been reported only for amplicon pairs located exclusive...

Sustainability is an important issue in a fishery industry. A manager of the fishery industry is responsible in deciding the best harvest that is able to sustain the industry while it should also guarantee the profitability of the industry. The most used concept in determining the best harvest in many fisheries industries is the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). It represents the maximum amount ...

Ecosim models have been fitted to time-series data for a wide variety of ecosystems for which there are long-term data that confirm the models’ ability to reproduce past responses of many species to harvesting. We subject these model ecosystems to a variety of harvest policies, including options based on harvesting each species at its maximum sustainable yield (MSY) fishing rate. We show that w...

Abstract Target and limit reference points are fundamental management components used to define sustainable harvest strategies. Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) the precautionary principle underpin many points. Non-proxy based on MSY in age-based single-species assessments depend stock–recruitment (SR) relationship, which can display complex variability. Current ignore persistent dynamic change ...

Spawning stock biomass (SSB) is one of the most common measures of stock status. However recent research on reproductive potential has shown that alternative variables may be an improvement over SSB. In the case of European hake (Merluccius merluccius), it is known that large individuals produce more eggs by unit of body weight, and their quality is better than those of small individuals. Under...

Since the second half of 20th century, Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) has been guiding principle fisheries management, focused on reaching sustainability through bioeconomic modelling and harvest regulations. MSY allowed managers to set Total Allowable Catch levels for target species with further implications various forms catch share programs. In this article, we employ a feminist ethic care ...

This study evaluates information produced from 14 fisheries independent monitoring programs (FIM) in the Gulf of Mexico. We consider the uniqueness of information from each program and its usefulness in estimating fisheries management indices. Biomass values of 35 functional groups are extracted from an operating model (Ecospace) with a method that replicates the patterns of historic FIM sampli...