A feeding network crossing method is proposed to form an N $\times $ dual-polarized two-dimensional multibeam antenna array (2D-MBAA) with analog-digital hybrid beamforming, which solves the problem of needing additional connection structure between and analog for large-scale arrays. The main design work focused on analog-beamformer (ABF) two structures are proposed. One vertical-crossed (VC) A...

We analyze the throughput, delay and energy efficiency performance of space diversity slotted ALOHA when multibeam smart antenna arrays, capable of steering the beams selectively on smaller sectors, are used at the base station receiver. Analytical expressions to establish the effect of diITerent beamwidths, number of beams, beam steering patterns, and beam service times on the achieved perform...

There is still an open debate within the research community regarding the likely performance enhancement of smart antennas versus their complexity for commercial wireless applications. The goal of the study presented in this paper is to investigate the performance improvement attainable using relatively simple smart antenna techniques when applied to the third-generation W-CDMA air interface. M...

This paper presents basic short-term angular domain propagation descriptions relevant for beamoriented SDMA operations, i.e. for spatially based algorithms, contrary to temporally based. A distinction is made between angular variant and invariant situations, i.e. whether the antenna system radiation pattern remains unchanged or not when sweeping over the angular domain. For the angular invarian...

Fifth-generation (and beyond) networks are characterized by ever more demanding requirements in terms of speed, bandwidth, and number servable users. Fast reliable access to the main network is mandatory, requiring technologies procedures that ensure high performing cell search initial (IA). Existing phased array antennas (PAAs) limited single beam scanning approach complex feeding systems. In ...