This study attempted to evaluate the bioaerosol exposure of apartment residents at high-rise apartment buildings in a Korean city. The characteristics associated with the bioaerosol exposure included the apartment floor, seasonal variation, summer survey period (seasonal rain-front period (SRFP) or no rain-front period (NRFP)), and room location inside an apartment. Four most prevalent fungal g...

In order to overcome the housing shortage, a large number of apartments were built in South Korea during the second half of the 20th century. Thus, the apartments became the typical housing type in South Korea. This paper is intended to analyze the changes in the spatial configurations of the apartments constructed in Cheongju, South Korea, from the 1972 to 2000. This study has employed Space S...

A preliminary study on the vertical dispersal of Aedes populations in high-rise apartments was carried out in Presint 9, Putrajaya, Malaysia. Ovitraps were placed indoors within four blocks of high-rise apartments from the ground floors (0.0 - 3.0 m) until up to the tenth floors (28.1 - 30.0 m). Aedes aegypti was the dominant species found in the ovitraps (87.85%), while Aedes albopictus was fo...

OBJECTIVE This study assessed renters' preferences for official smoking policies in their buildings and their practices concerning restricting tobacco smoking in their apartments. DESIGN Renters (n = 301) living in large apartment complexes in a suburb of Minneapolis, Minnesota, completed a mail survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The survey asked about the official smoking policies in place in t...

In 1994 S. McGuinness showed that any greedy clique decomposition of an n-vertex graph has at most ⌊n2/4⌋ cliques (The greedy clique decomposition of a graph, J. Graph Theory 18 (1994) 427-430), where a clique decomposition means a clique partition of the edge set and a greedy clique decomposition of a graph is obtained by removing maximal cliques from a graph one by one until the graph is empt...

The prevention and control of legionellosis in water supply systems involves environmental comprehensive sampling. Our aim was to investigate occurrence of Legionella spp. in water supply systems in different administrative districts of Riga, and to find out if there exists a correlation between Legionella spp. positive cases and water source, type of sample, sampling point and temperature of h...

Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), are a fast-growing urban pest of significant public health importance in the United States and many other countries. Yet, there is very little field research on the ecology of this pest due to its near absence in the United States and most developed nations for several decades. We investigated characteristics of the bed bug infestation and ...

OBJECTIVE There is no safe level of secondhand tobacco-smoke exposure, and no previous studies have explored multiunit housing as a potential contributor to secondhand tobacco-smoke exposure in children. We hypothesized that children who live in apartments have higher cotinine levels than those who live in detached homes, when controlling for demographics. METHODS We analyzed data from the 20...

Bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) infestations are currently controlled by a variety of non-chemical and chemical methods. There have been few studies on the comparative effectiveness of these control techniques. We evaluated three bed bug management strategies in an apartment building: (1) non-chemical methods only (n = 9); (2) insecticides only (n = 6); and (3) integrated pest management includi...

The cost and effectiveness of two bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) integrated pest management (IPM) programs were evaluated for 10 wk. Sixteen bed bug-infested apartments were chosen from a high-rise low-income apartment building. The apartments were randomly divided into two treatment groups: diatomaceous earth dust-based IPM (D-IPM) and chlorfenapyr spray-based IPM (S-IPM). The initial median (...