The practice of executive stock option repricing is examined using a sample of firms in the gaming industry during 1994-98. The practice of repricing executive stock options is often criticized, however this paper recognizes that there may be conditions when such recontracting may be viewed as beneficial to shareholders. Specifically, given that options provide both incentives to increase risk ...

BACKGROUND To achieve a high level of patient satisfaction, providers need to identify and address patients' expectations. However, providers' beliefs and attitudes regarding expectations, as well as how to manage them, are not well understood. METHODS The authors developed a survey to assess clinicians' awareness, attitudes, competence and performance with respect to patient expectations. Th...

OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors among licensed firearm retailers for disproportionate sales of handguns that are later subjected to ownership tracing, generally after use in crime. DESIGN Case-control; the study period was 1998-2003. Cases were all eligible firearm retailers whose handguns were later traced at a rate that significantly (p<0.05) exceeded the expected value. Controls were a...

Recent molecular evidence suggests that Sciurus vulgaris populations from Calabria (southern Italy) are distinct from those occurring in northern and central Italy. Here, we re-analyzed using multivariate and univariate techniques an historical dataset provided by Cavazza (1913), who documented measurements for the now extinct squirrel population from Campania. Both univariate and multivariate ...

the field study was conducted in one district of educational-experimental forest at tehran university (kheirood-kenar forest) in the north of iran. eighty-five soil profiles were dug in the site of study and several chemical and physical soil properties were considered. these factors included: soil ph, soil texture, bulk density, organic carbon, total nitrogen, extractable phosphorus and depth ...

BACKGROUND The last two decades have seen a growing trend towards the research of voting behavior in post-communist countries. Urban sociology theorists state that not only space structures influence political participation, but also space structures are changing under the influence of global, local, and individual factors. The growing role played by information in the globalised world has acce...

BACKGROUND Using a lifecourse approach, this study examines whether childhood adversities act on adult health as latent or pathway effects, and whether not only childhood ill health and material deprivation, but also an adverse psychosocial environment in terms of stressful relations with parents contribute to later ill health. METHODS Lifecourse interviews with 380 men born in 1946 were cond...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Urban-rural health differences are observed in many countries, even when socioeconomic and demographic characteristics are controlled for. People living in urban areas are often found to be less healthy. One of the possible causes for these differences is selective migration with respect to health or health risk factors. This hypothesis is hardly ever empirically tested. This pa...