The place of biotechnological detoxification in the mycotoxin prevention program The production of feeds free from mycotoxins or containing mycotoxins at levels under the tolerance limit requires the application of a mycotoxin prevention program that involves a successive series of actions consisting of multiple elements. The program starts with the selection of suitable grain varieties and end...

background: fusarium species are capable of causing a wide range of crop plants infections as well as uncommon hu­man infections. many species of the genus produce mycotoxins, which are responsible for acute or chronic diseases in ani­mals and humans. identification of fusaria to the species level is necessary for biological, epidemiological, pathologi­cal, and toxicological purposes. in this s...

background ochratoxins belong to a group of mycotoxins produced as the secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi, such as aspergillus and penicillium. these toxins may be teratogenic, mutagenic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and may have immunosuppressive effects and pose a serious health problems to exposed humans and animals. objectives the present study aimed to determine the level of ochratoxi...

INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by a variety of pathogenic fungi. Common mycotoxins of human and veterinary interest are produced by species in the genera Aspergillus, Claviceps, Fusarium, and Penicillium. There are over 100 known species of fungi that produce mycotoxins. Some species of fungi produce single mycotoxins, while others produce multiple toxins. it is impo...

Filamentous fungi that contaminate livestock feeds and human food supply often produce toxigenic secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins. Among the hundreds of known mycotoxins, aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone are considered the most commercially important. Intense research on these mycotoxins, especially aflatoxin, has resulted in the development of ‘biom...

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungal species that have harmful effects on mammals. The aim of this study was to assess the content of mycotoxins in fresh-cut material of selected forage grass species both during and at the end of the growing season. We further assessed mycotoxin content in subsequently produced first-cutting silages with respect to the species used in this st...

Mycotoxins can contaminate various food commodities, including cereals. Moreover, mycotoxins of different classes can co-contaminate food, increasing human health risk. Several analytical methods have been published in the literature dealing with mycotoxins determination in cereals. Nevertheless, in the present work, the aim was to propose an easy and effective system for the extraction of six ...

Some foods and feeds are often contaminated by numerous mycotoxins, but most studies have focused on the occurrence and toxicology of a single mycotoxin. Regulations throughout the world do not consider the combined effects of mycotoxins. However, several surveys have reported the natural co-occurrence of mycotoxins from all over the world. Most of the published data has concerned the major myc...

Fifteen mycotoxins and two chemically modified toxins were tested for mutagenic ability in the His revenant assay with the use of Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100. Bisfuranoid mycotoxins such as aflatoxin B,, aflatoxin G,, sterigmatocystin, and O-acetylsterigmatocystin were positive in the routine test method, and epoxide mycotoxins such as PR-toxin and crotocin were positive only when t...

Aspergillus fumigatus is known to produce various immunosuppressive mycotoxins including gliotoxin. However, none of these mycotoxins has been confirmed as being directly related to the pathogenesis of aspergilli. Recent studies have made substantial progress in the determination of mycotoxins as virulence factors. Gliotoxin was found to be produced much faster than previously believed under ce...