Reducing absorber layer thickness below 500 nm in regular Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells decreases cell efficiency considerably, as both short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage are reduced because of incomplete absorption and high Mo/CIGS rear interface recombination. In this work, an innovative rear cell design is developed to avoid both effects: a highly reflective rear surface passiv...

Cellulose insulation polymer (paper/pressboard) has been widely used in high voltage direct current (HVDC) transformers. One of the most challenging issues in the insulation material used for HVDC equipment is the space charge accumulation. Effective ways to suppress the space charge injection/accumulation in insulation material is currently a popular research topic. In this study, an aluminium...

Al0.4CoCrFe2Ni2 high-entropy alloys with different additions of TiO2 nano-ceramic particles (0, 1.25vol.%, 2.5vol.%, 3.75vol.% and 5vol.%, respectively) were prepared by using the vacuum arc melting method. The effects addition on crystal structure, microstructures mechanical properties alloy investigated X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM), tensile t...

The high-temperature oxidation of Hf-modified NiAl alloy at 950 °C results in the formation γ-Al2O3 and θ-Al2O3. Exclusive HfO2 particles is observed adherent γ-Al2O3/NiAl interface. By contrast, θ-Al2O3/NiAl interface multi-layered oxide growth consisting alternate thin thick layers θ-Al2O3 NiAl2O4 along with dispersed layers. This difference elucidated by first-principle calculations showing ...

TiCl2/nano-γ-Al2O3 as a new heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst was synthesized and characterized by FE-SEM, XRD, FT-IR, EDS, XRF, BET and TGA. N-substituted pyrroles have been synthesized via Paal–Knorr reaction in the presence of TiCl2/nano-γ-Al2O3 at room temperature under solvent-free conditions.

The present study aims at developing A356/Al2O3(np) nano-composite with a novel and cost effective method for attaining homogeneous dispersion of Al2O3 nanoparticles in the Al matrix. In the current research, Al micro powders distributed on aluminum foil and then Al2O3 nanoparticles ultra-sounded in ethanol and sprayed on Al substrate. Subsequently, the sandwich foil was added to molten A356 du...

pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidinone derivatives have received considerable interest from the pharmaceutical industry due to their wide range of interesting biological and therapeutic properties. nano al2o3 was found to be a highly efficient solid acid catalyst for the preparation of pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidinone derivatives from the reaction of barbituric acid, aryl aldehyde and malononitrile. al2o3 nano...

The present work reports the effects of γ-, θ-phase alumina on hydrothermal stability and properties non- strongly-interacting Rh species Rh/Al2O3 catalysts. Comparing to γ-Al2O3, θ-Al2O3 can not only reduce amount occluded but also better stabilize during aging treatment. When time was prolonged 70 h, all non-interacting transformed into Rh. XPS results indicated that might exist in form Rh/Rh...

Catalytic hydrotreating of algae bio-crude oil from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) Nannochloropsis sp. was performed. Different Ni-based catalysts, including Ni/γ-Al2O3, Ni-Cu/γ-Al2O3, Ni-Re/γ-Al2O3, and Ni-Cu-Re/γ-Al2O3, (10%Ni, 5%Cu, 2.5%Re) were used in upgrading the oil. Most catalytic systems could effectively eliminate S decrease N O contents, enhance more than 20% improvement higher hea...