This study focused on the structure and the platform of the road space of historic districts. We analyzed the road networks of 16 historic districts in Japan from the perspectives of circularity, accessibility and indirection based on graph theory. By calculating and comparing the indexes of each road network (NW1 and NW2) forms, we quantitatively describe the effects of the main prefectural ro...

Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263-0001, U.S.A., Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Department of Human Genetics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 1^263-0001, U.S.A., Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Division of Medicine, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263-0001, U.S.A., and Ludwig Instit...

This study presents temporal and spatial variations in personal exposure of parking attendants in a busy conurbation in the northern part of the UK. Two traffic related pollutants carbon monoxide (CO) and ultrafine particulates (UFP), mainly associated with urban drives, have been considered for two distinct locationsone, in the city centre and the other in a suburban area of Leeds, a prominent...

Humans live interacting with other people and do everyday tasks in individual and collective ways. Robotics people are interested in building robots that can interact with people in the same way that humans do. In order to reach this goal robots must learn from the interaction with humans and learn the human skills used in everyday life to acquire robot social behaviors that can then be used in...

In this paper, we propose a navigation system for smartphones which enables visitors of very large events to avoid crowded areas or narrow streets and to navigate out of a dense crowd quickly. Therefore, two types of sensor data are integrated. First, optical images acquired and transmitted by an airborne camera system are used to compute an estimation of a crowd density map. For this purpose, ...

Mental representations of spatial knowledge are organized hierarchically. Among people familiar with an urban environment, common spatial knowledge from these spatial mental representations enables successful communication of place and route descriptions, consisting of hierarchically-ordered references to prominent spatial features, such as streets. The more prominent a street is, the more like...