Intranasal administration provides a non-invasive drug delivery route that has been proposed to target macromolecules either to the brain via direct extracellular cranial nerve-associated pathways or to the periphery via absorption into the systemic circulation. Delivering drugs to nasal regions that have lower vascular density and/or permeability may allow more drug to access the extracellular...

Unpreserved nasal sprays are the latest trend in nasal drug delivery. Different technologies are discussed here in the context of mechanically protected systems, which may provide additional benefits. New test protocols are suggested to evaluate the improved microbiological protection that can be achieved.

Almost 40% of active Pharmaceutical ingredients have low oral bioavailability, high hepatic first-pass metabolism and also less efficient in crossing the blood brain barrier for brain targeting through oral delivery. To overcome this problem the various system such as: nasal spray, gels, emulsions, droplets, suspensions, powders and thermoreversible mucoadhesive gels etc have been studied for n...

INTRODUCTION Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a benign lesion of vascular origin. It rarely involves nasal cavity which most commonly manifests as progressive nasal obstruction and epistaxis. CASE REPORT In this report we present a case of LCH of the nasal cavity which occurred approximately one month after delivery. There was no recurrence after complete endoscopic resection during one ...

BACKGROUND Nasal cycling may present negative consequences for oxygen-dependent patients using a nasal cannula. This study investigates the effects of nasal cycling on the delivered F(IO2) via nasal cannula in an anatomic model following a baseline study comparing right and left prong nasal cannula oxygen flow delivery. METHODS Flow from right and left nasal cannula prongs were measured simul...

The use of nasal cavity as a route of administration of drugs, specifically systemically acting drugs that pose a delivery challenge, have become an area of great interest to the pharmaceutical companies in the past decade. The physiology of the nasal cavity allows for variety of drug delivery possibilities and destinations which include local, systemic, vaccine, and access to the central nervo...

with low oral bioavailability due to to extensive gastrointestinal breakdown or high hepatic first-pass effect. Intranasal delivery of drugs to reach the system has been widely studied and a number of reports is available in the literature (1). The concentration-time profiles of drugs achieved after nasal administration are often similar to those after intravenous administration, with resultant...