Despite increased efforts, the diverse etiologies of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) have remained largely elusive. Clinical predictors of NEC remain ill-defined and currently lack sufficient specificity. The development of a thorough understanding of initial gut microbiota colonization pattern in preterm infants might help to improve early detection or prediction of NEC and its associated morb...

BACKGROUND We compared relapse-free survival (RFS) in gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (WHO grade 3) and gastric carcinoma (GC). This is one of very few studies that compare the prognosis of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (WHO grade 3, G3 NEC) with that of GC. METHODS Between 1996 and 2014, 63 patients were diagnosed with G3 NEC of the stomach and 56 with gastric neuroendocrin...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease predominantly of prematurely born infants, characterized in its severest from by extensive hemorrhagic inflammatory necrosis of the distal ileum and proximal colon. Proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the development of NEC, and we have previously shown that IL-18 is significantly elevated in the well-establ...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) results from severe intestinal inflammation in premature infants. FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central to gut homeostasis. While Treg proportions are significantly reduced in the ileums of premature infants with NEC, it is unknown whether they play a critical function in preventing NEC. This study investigated Treg development in newborn rat pups and t...

Necrotizing enterocolitis: clinical concepts and pathogenetic mechanisms Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute inflammatory disease that affects the intestine of neonates resulting in intestinal necrosis, systemic sepsis and multi-system organ failure (Lin and Stoll, 2006). It is the leading cause of death and long-term disability from gastrointestinal disease in preterm infants (Blakely ...

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common aortic disease with a progressive nature. There is no approved pharmacological treatment to effectively slow aneurysm growth or prevent rupture. Necroptosis is a form of programmed necrosis that is regulated by receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPs). We have recently demonstrated that the lack of RIP3 in mice prevented aneurysm formation. The goa...

We aim to determine risk factors and clinical outcomes for bowel perforation in premature infants with NEC. We analyzed clinical data of 57 cases of premature infants with NEC at our NICU between January 2010 and December 2012. Based on the presence of bowel perforation, we divided these infants into two groups: perforated NEC group (n = 10) and nonperforated NEC group (n = 47). We compared gen...

To study the significance of dynamic evolution of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) levels in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). A total of 45 NEC child patients, 45 non-NEC child patients and 45 healthy newborns were enrolled. After the day age, weight, gestational week and delivery mode were matched, the serum...

inflammation and necrosis of the bowel. It is the final manifestation of vascular, mucosal, and metabolic insults to the immature intestine (1, 2). NEC is a common gastrointestinal emergency in newborns and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), with a mortality rate of 15% to 30% (3, 4). No single unifying theory exists for the pathogenesi...

Carbon dots (CDots) are small carbon nanoparticles with effective surface passivation by organic functionalization. In the reported work, functionalization of preexisting N-ethylcarbazole (NEC) was achieved NEC radical addition. Due to major difference in microwave absorption between and species such as NEC, could be selectively heated via irradiation enable hydrogen abstraction generate radica...