Testing for HIV in the neonatal period has been routinely recommended for all HIV-exposed infants in the developed world for over two decades. In 2015, birth testing for certain asymptomatic HIV-exposed infants was included in the South African National Consolidated Guidelines for the first time.1 Questions remain concerning the optimal recommendations for and implementation of HIV testing in n...

BACKGROUND The clinical characteristics of Chlamydia trachomatis respiratory tract infections in Japanese neonates were investigated. METHODS Clinical, laboratory and microbiological characteristics of five infants with pneumonia due to C. trachomatis in early neonatal period were analyzed. RESULTS Only C. trachomatis was identified in 4 infants. Both C. trachomatis and cytomegalovirus was ...

I do not intend to give an account of the changing philosophies concerning the aetiology and treatment of the disease which followed upon Hirschsprung's (1888) first presentation of it as an entity in 1886. It required about 60 years of vague or wrong ideas to find the key to our present knowledge. That happened when our attention was diverted from the characteristic megacolon and was focused o...

Garber, A. J., Menzel, P. H., Boden, G. & Owen, 0. E. (1974) J. Clin. Invest. 54,981-989 Long, C . L., Spencer, J. L., Kinney, J. M. & Geiger, J. W. (1971) J. Awl. Physiol. 31.102-109 Owen, 0. E., Reichard, G. A., Jr., Boden, G., Patel, M. S. & Trapp, V. E. (1978) in Advances in Modern Nutrition: Diabetes, Obesity and Vascular Disease (Katzen, H. M . & Mahler, R. J., eds.), vol. 2, pp. 517-550,...

We report 37 patients ranging in age from 1 month to 14 years treated for intestinal malrotation during a five year period. The main presenting features consisted of intermittent attacks of vomiting (15 patients), failure to thrive (seven), and recurrent colicky abdominal pain (seven). The diagnosis was confirmed by gastrointestinal contrast studies in all but three patients. A standard Ladd's ...

Urinary conditions with a distinctive clinical picture are not uncommon in newborn infants. The majority of infants show excellent response to treatment and early diagnosis is of great importance. In any circumstances it is difficult to obtain specimens of urine from these small subjects and the difficulties are frequently increased as a result of the anuria which is a common accompaniment of u...

An infant with a severe deficiency of factor X presened in the neonatal period with uncontrollable bleeding from heel prick sites, spontaneous bruising, and haematoma. The deficiency was controlled by infusions of dried human factors II, IX, and X concentrate; the half-life of the infused factor X material is only 18 hours. Despite prophylactic weekly infusions of factor X concentrate, the chil...

question that all stroke investigators want and need to know is what brain tissue is salvageable. Indeed in the absence of salvageable tissue, the utility of any therapeutic intervention is moot, but as improved therapeutic interventions are developed, the need to monitor and evaluate tissue status is critical, particularly if we are to identify a therapeutic window. Diffusion MR imaging is now...