1 Introduction The ankle delivers about half of the total mechanical work during walking. Lower-limb amputees using conventional passive-elastic prostheses experience 20 to 30% higher metabolic cost than able-bodied individuals, perhaps because these prostheses do not provide net positive work during the course of a step [1]. To address this problem, companies are developing battery-powered pro...

The parabrachial complex (PB) is a functionally and anatomically complex structure involved in a range of homeostatic and sensory functions, including nociceptive transmission. There is also evidence that PB can engage descending pain-modulating systems, the best characterized of which is the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). Two distinct classes of RVM neurons, "ON-cells" and "OFF-cells," ex...

To compute the net profits in a Net Profit Deal, the record company deducts off the top its actual outof-pocket costs for recording, manufacturing, promotion, marketing, etc. Some labels also deduct a so-called “Overhead Fee” of 10 to 15% of the gross record sales income. After the record company deducts all of these expenses and reimburses itself, the label then pays the artist whatever percen...

We propose a technique for transferring the multiplet spin polarization (CIDNP or PHIP, or one created by any other method), which is the mutual entanglement of spins, into net hyper-polarization with respect to the direction of a high magnetic field by slowly (adiabatically) switching-off a strong external RF-field with a specially selected frequency. The net hyper-polarized molecules can then...

We investigate the learning rate of multiple kernel leaning (MKL) with l1 and elastic-net regularizations. The elastic-net regularization is a composition of an l1-regularizer for inducing the sparsity and an l2-regularizer for controlling the smoothness. We focus on a sparse setting where the total number of kernels is large but the number of non-zero components of the ground truth is relative...

1. Changes in membrane potential and conductance were measured in on-centre and off-centre ganglion cells during the responses to illumination of different portions of the receptive field. 2. In on-centre ganglion cells the sustained depolarizing response to steady illumination of the receptive field centre was associated with a net increase in conductance. In the presence of centre illuminatio...

sunn pest (eurygaster integriceps put.) cause serious economic damage to wheat and barley in borujerd, north of lorestan province, iran. sweep net sampling, is the most convenient sampling procedure for many arthropods, but it is difficult to interpret in terms of accuracy and precision. much of the variation of sweep net catches, stems from human factors and its calibration. in this research, ...